IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v191y2024ics1364032123010444.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Remote sensing unveils the explosive growth of global offshore wind turbines

Author

Listed:
  • Wang, Kechao
  • Xiao, Wu
  • He, Tingting
  • Zhang, Maoxin

Abstract

Clean energy has become an important component of the transition to a sustainable future, of which offshore wind power is a promising clean energy source. However, there are still gaps in the spatiotemporal data of OWTs with global coverage, precise location, freely available, and with long time series of installation time information. This study proposes a cost-effective method to investigate the global distribution and installation time of offshore wind turbines (OWTs) using remote sensing data and the GEE cloud computing platform. The process includes two parts, the first is OWTs extraction through synthetic SAR images using an adaptive Z-score threshold and morphological operations. The second part is installation time detection through synthetic Landsat optical images using LandTrendr algorithm. A total of 12,412 OWTs have been identified within the offshore Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) of countries worldwide, with 5915 in Europe, 6490 in Asia, and only 7 in the United States. Most OWTs are situated in nearshore areas and were constructed in a regular pattern. Installation dates of existing OWTs worldwide reveal an exponential growth trend since the 21st century, with Europe leading the way and Asia catching up rapidly, building two-thirds of its turbines after 2019. This information can be used for subsequent studies on the effectiveness of wind energy in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the potential for future development and expansion of wind energy infrastructure, as well as to inform policies aimed at promoting the sustainability of the wind energy industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Kechao & Xiao, Wu & He, Tingting & Zhang, Maoxin, 2024. "Remote sensing unveils the explosive growth of global offshore wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:191:y:2024:i:c:s1364032123010444
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.114186
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032123010444
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2023.114186?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pazheri, F.R. & Othman, M.F. & Malik, N.H., 2014. "A review on global renewable electricity scenario," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 835-845.
    2. Klain, Sarah C. & Satterfield, Terre & Sinner, Jim & Ellis, Joanne I. & Chan, Kai M.A., 2018. "Bird Killer, Industrial Intruder or Clean Energy? Perceiving Risks to Ecosystem Services Due to an Offshore Wind Farm," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 111-129.
    3. A. B. Bugnot & M. Mayer-Pinto & L. Airoldi & E. C. Heery & E. L. Johnston & L. P. Critchley & E. M. A. Strain & R. L. Morris & L. H. L. Loke & M. J. Bishop & E. V. Sheehan & R. A. Coleman & K. A. Daff, 2021. "Current and projected global extent of marine built structures," Nature Sustainability, Nature, vol. 4(1), pages 33-41, January.
    4. Xu, Wenxuan & Liu, Yongxue & Wu, Wei & Dong, Yanzhu & Lu, Wanyun & Liu, Yongchao & Zhao, Bingxue & Li, Huiting & Yang, Renfei, 2020. "Proliferation of offshore wind farms in the North Sea and surrounding waters revealed by satellite image time series," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    5. Khanali, Majid & Ghasemi-Mobtaker, Hassan & Varmazyar, Hossein & Mohammadkashi, Naghmeh & Chau, Kwok-wing & Nabavi-Pelesaraei, Ashkan, 2022. "Applying novel eco-exergoenvironmental toxicity index to select the best irrigation system of sunflower production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    6. Ren, Zhengru & Verma, Amrit Shankar & Li, Ye & Teuwen, Julie J.E. & Jiang, Zhiyu, 2021. "Offshore wind turbine operations and maintenance: A state-of-the-art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Majidi Nezhad, Meysam & Neshat, Mehdi & Piras, Giuseppe & Astiaso Garcia, Davide, 2022. "Sites exploring prioritisation of offshore wind energy potential and mapping for wind farms installation: Iranian islands case studies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    2. Xu, Wenxuan & Liu, Yongxue & Wu, Wei & Dong, Yanzhu & Lu, Wanyun & Liu, Yongchao & Zhao, Bingxue & Li, Huiting & Yang, Renfei, 2020. "Proliferation of offshore wind farms in the North Sea and surrounding waters revealed by satellite image time series," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    3. Francis Chinweuba Eboh & Peter Ahlström & Tobias Richards, 2017. "Exergy Analysis of Solid Fuel-Fired Heat and Power Plants: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-29, February.
    4. Russell, Aaron & Bingaman, Samantha & Garcia, Hannah-Marie, 2021. "Threading a moving needle: The spatial dimensions characterizing US offshore wind policy drivers," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    5. Hwangbo, Soonho & Heo, SungKu & Yoo, ChangKyoo, 2022. "Development of deterministic-stochastic model to integrate variable renewable energy-driven electricity and large-scale utility networks: Towards decarbonization petrochemical industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    6. Zhang, Lijun & Li, Ye & Xu, Wenhao & Gao, Zhiteng & Fang, Long & Li, Rongfu & Ding, Boyin & Zhao, Bin & Leng, Jun & He, Fenglan, 2022. "Systematic analysis of performance and cost of two floating offshore wind turbines with significant interactions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    7. Rezzouk, H. & Mellit, A., 2015. "Feasibility study and sensitivity analysis of a stand-alone photovoltaic–diesel–battery hybrid energy system in the north of Algeria," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1134-1150.
    8. Jakub Żywiec & Dawid Szpak & Izabela Piegdoń & Krzysztof Boryczko & Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik & Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak & Janusz Rak, 2023. "An Approach to Assess the Water Resources Reliability and Its Management," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-14, January.
    9. Brooks, Sam & Mahmood, Minhal & Roy, Rajkumar & Manolesos, Marinos & Salonitis, Konstantinos, 2023. "Self-reconfiguration simulations of turbines to reduce uneven farm degradation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1301-1314.
    10. Wang, Linyuan & Zhao, Lin & Mao, Guozhu & Zuo, Jian & Du, Huibin, 2017. "Way to accomplish low carbon development transformation: A bibliometric analysis during 1995–2014," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P1), pages 57-69.
    11. Song, Guobao & Song, Jie & Zhang, Shushen, 2016. "Modelling the policies of optimal straw use for maximum mitigation of climate change in China from a system perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 789-810.
    12. John Dorrell & Keunjae Lee, 2020. "The Cost of Wind: Negative Economic Effects of Global Wind Energy Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-25, July.
    13. Mao, Guozhu & Liu, Xi & Du, Huibin & Zuo, Jian & Wang, Linyuan, 2015. "Way forward for alternative energy research: A bibliometric analysis during 1994–2013," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 276-286.
    14. Gao, Qiang & Khan, Salman Saeed & Sergiienko, Nataliia & Ertugrul, Nesimi & Hemer, Mark & Negnevitsky, Michael & Ding, Boyin, 2022. "Assessment of wind and wave power characteristic and potential for hybrid exploration in Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    15. Wang, Dandan & Li, Yusheng & Yang, Yongge & Hayase, Shuzi & Wu, Haifeng & Wang, Ruixiang & Ding, Chao & Shen, Qing, 2023. "How to minimize voltage and fill factor losses to achieve over 20% efficiency lead chalcogenide quantum dot solar cells: Strategies expected through numerical simulation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).
    16. Jin-Gyeom Kim & Bowon Lee, 2020. "Automatic P2P Energy Trading Model Based on Reinforcement Learning Using Long Short-Term Delayed Reward," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-27, October.
    17. M. A. Clare & A. Lichtschlag & S. Paradis & N. L. M. Barlow, 2023. "Assessing the impact of the global subsea telecommunications network on sedimentary organic carbon stocks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    18. Deng, Lei & Shi, Congling & Li, Haoran & Wan, Mei & Ren, Fei & Hou, Yanan & Tang, Fei, 2023. "Prediction of energy mass loss rate for biodiesel fire via machine learning and its physical modeling of flame radiation evolution," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    19. Montalvo-Navarrete, Juan M. & Lasso-Palacios, Ana P., 2024. "Energy access sustainability criteria definition for Colombian rural areas," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    20. Yang, Ning & Sheng, Xueru & Ti, Liting & Jia, Haiyuan & Ping, Qingwei & Li, Ning, 2023. "Ball-milling transesterification process on biodiesel production: RSM optimization, life cycle assessment and market dynamics analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:191:y:2024:i:c:s1364032123010444. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.