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Low-grade heat to hydrogen: Current technologies, challenges and prospective

Author

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  • Yang, Wei
  • Bao, Jingjing
  • Liu, Hongtao
  • Zhang, Jun
  • Guo, Lin

Abstract

Energy crisis and environmental pollution have posed significant challenges to the development of human society. Hydrogen energy as an ideal energy carrier can ensure a high energy density (∼140 MJ/kg) for industry application and environmental cleanness with water as final byproduct. Currently, more than 50 % of the global energy consumption is discharged as low-grade heat. Conversion of waste heat to green hydrogen energy is of great significance to increase the efficiency of energy utilization. In this review, various approaches for converting low-grade heat to hydrogen are discussed regarding the fundamental principles and conversion routines, and the recent advances in the design and construction of different conversion systems are summarized with a focus on the hydrogen production rate, low-grade heat conversion efficiency and power density. Furthermore, we conclude with a conclusion and perspective highlighting the major challenges and possible strategies for improving low-grade heat to hydrogen conversion in various systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Wei & Bao, Jingjing & Liu, Hongtao & Zhang, Jun & Guo, Lin, 2023. "Low-grade heat to hydrogen: Current technologies, challenges and prospective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:188:y:2023:i:c:s1364032123006998
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.113842
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