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Investigation of the effect of equal and unequal feeding time intervals on process stability and methane yield during anaerobic digestion grass silage

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  • Egwu, Uchenna
  • Onyelowe, Kennedy
  • Tabraiz, Shamas
  • Johnson, Emmanuel
  • Mutshow, Alexander D.

Abstract

The effects of equal and unequal feeding intervals, organic loading rates (OLR) and operating temperatures on specific methane production (SMP) during the anaerobic digestion (AD) process were investigated using three pairs of continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). The Pair 1, 2 and 3 CSTRs were operated at psychrophilic (25 ± 2 °C), mesophilic (40 ± 3 °C) and thermophilic (60 ± 2.5 °C) conditions, respectively. After acclimatization, the reactors were fed at an OLR of 1.0 and 1.5gVS/L.d at selected intervals, while maintaining their pH 6.8–7.2 with NH4HCO3 solution. The results showed that during uneven feeding regime (day 8–93), the mean SMP from Pair 1, 2 and 3 reactors were 294.5, 433.5 and 370.2 N mLCH4/gVS fed, respectively. At failing state (day 60–93), the mean concentrations of free ammonia nitrogen (FAN) in the psychrophilic, mesophilic and thermophilic CSTRs were 19.1, 33.7 and 127.2 mg/L; VFAs of 6940.1, 6852.3 and 4694.9 mg HAc/L; which reduced their SMPs to 140, 273.8 and 231.1 N mLCH4/gVS, respectively. Therefore, uneven feeding, trace elements (TEs) deficiency, VFAs accumulation and FAN (for thermophilic) led to CSTRs failure. An even (24-hourly) feeding regime with daily biomass ash-extracts supplement enhanced the recovery of the failed CSTRs. Although, uneven daily feeding conditions led to AD process instability, it favoured SMP in mesophilic CSTRs compared to psychrophilic and thermophilic. These results strongly indicate that the soluble TEs and alkalinity contained in ash-extracts facilitated the recovery of the failed AD reactors and therefore can be used to revive failed AD processes.

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  • Egwu, Uchenna & Onyelowe, Kennedy & Tabraiz, Shamas & Johnson, Emmanuel & Mutshow, Alexander D., 2022. "Investigation of the effect of equal and unequal feeding time intervals on process stability and methane yield during anaerobic digestion grass silage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:158:y:2022:i:c:s1364032122000223
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112092
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    1. Egwu, Uchenna & Oko, Eni & Ndukwu, Macmanus Chinenye & Sallis, Paul, 2021. "Novel low-cost pre-treatment material for enhancing the methane yield during anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks: Experimental and kinetic study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 584-592.
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    1. El Ibrahimi, Mohammed & Khay, Ismail & El Maakoul, Anas & Bakhouya, Mohamed, 2022. "Effects of the temperature range on the energy performance of mixed and unmixed digesters with submerged waste: An experimental and CFD simulation study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1092-1104.
    2. Shubham Dilip Sarode & Deepak Kumar & Divya Mathias & David McNeill & Prasad Kaparaju, 2023. "Anaerobic Digestion of Spoiled Maize, Lucerne and Barley Silage Mixture with and without Cow Manure: Methane Yields and Kinetic Studies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Youfei Zhou & Weijie Hu & Jun Sheng & Cheng Peng & Tianfeng Wang, 2023. "Comparison of Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Buffalo Manure and Excess Sludge with Different Mixing Ratios under Thermophilic and Mesophilic Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-16, April.

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