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Polymer electrolyte electrolysis: A review of the activity and stability of non-precious metal hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction catalysts

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  • Hughes, J.P.
  • Clipsham, J.
  • Chavushoglu, H.
  • Rowley-Neale, S.J.
  • Banks, C.E.

Abstract

The potential for generating green hydrogen by electrolysis (water splitting) has resulted in a substantial amount of literature focusing on lowering the current production cost of hydrogen. A significant contributor to this high cost is the requirement for precious metals (namely Pt and Ir/Ru (oxides)) to catalyse the two main reactions involved in electrolysis: the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein we overview the current literature of non-precious metal HER and OER catalysts capable of efficient water splitting within a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyser, recording the activity and stability of each catalyst and allowing for direct comparison to be made. Additionally, we highlight the inapplicability of catalyst stability testing in many academic studies for commercial electrolyser applications and propose a universal stability-testing regime for HER and OER catalysts that more accurately mimics the conditions within an operating electrolyser.

Suggested Citation

  • Hughes, J.P. & Clipsham, J. & Chavushoglu, H. & Rowley-Neale, S.J. & Banks, C.E., 2021. "Polymer electrolyte electrolysis: A review of the activity and stability of non-precious metal hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction catalysts," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:139:y:2021:i:c:s136403212100006x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110709
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Siracusano, S. & Van Dijk, N. & Backhouse, R. & Merlo, L. & Baglio, V. & Aricò, A.S., 2018. "Degradation issues of PEM electrolysis MEAs," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 52-57.
    2. Nikolaidis, Pavlos & Poullikkas, Andreas, 2017. "A comparative overview of hydrogen production processes," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 597-611.
    3. Bareiß, Kay & de la Rua, Cristina & Möckl, Maximilian & Hamacher, Thomas, 2019. "Life cycle assessment of hydrogen from proton exchange membrane water electrolysis in future energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 862-872.
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    1. Kumar, S. Shiva & Ni, Aleksey & Himabindu, V. & Lim, Hankwon, 2023. "Experimental and simulation of PEM water electrolyser with Pd/PN-CNPs electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction: Performance assessment and validation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    2. Taehyung Koo & Rockkil Ko & Dongwoo Ha & Jaeyoung Han, 2023. "Development of Model-Based PEM Water Electrolysis HILS (Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation) System for State Evaluation and Fault Detection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-18, April.
    3. João Brito & João Restivo & Juliana P. S. Sousa & Natalia C. M. Spera & D. S. Falcão & Amadeu Rocha & A. M. F. R. Pinto & Manuel Fernando R. Pereira & Olívia Salomé G. P. Soares, 2022. "Implementation of Transition Metal Phosphides as Pt-Free Catalysts for PEM Water Electrolysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-18, March.
    4. Ortiz, C. & García-Luna, S. & Carro, A. & Chacartegui, R. & Pérez-Maqueda, L., 2023. "Negative emissions power plant based on flexible calcium-looping process integrated with renewables and methane production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).

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