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On the potential contribution of rooftop PV to a sustainable electricity mix: The case of Spain

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  • Gomez-Exposito, Antonio
  • Arcos-Vargas, Angel
  • Gutierrez-Garcia, Francisco

Abstract

This work evaluates on a large-scale basis the potential contribution of rooftop PV to the future electricity mix. First, based upon an estimation of the available urban rooftop surface, the maximum PV distributed capacity is calculated for each conurbation. Then, several sustainable scenarios are considered, each comprising different shares of centralized renewables, rooftop PV and storage. For each generation scenario, the storage capacity that balances the net hourly demand is determined, and the portfolio combination that minimizes the cost of supplying electricity is obtained. The analysis is applied to mainland Spain, using public information and detailed granular models, both in time (hourly resolution) and space (municipal level). For the Spanish case, when the flexibility of hydro and biomass generation is taken into account, the least-cost portfolio involves rather modest storage capacities, in the order of daily rather than seasonal values. This shows that a sustainable, almost emissions-free electricity system for Spain is possible, at a cost that can be even lower than current wholesale market prices.

Suggested Citation

  • Gomez-Exposito, Antonio & Arcos-Vargas, Angel & Gutierrez-Garcia, Francisco, 2020. "On the potential contribution of rooftop PV to a sustainable electricity mix: The case of Spain," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:132:y:2020:i:c:s1364032120303658
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110074
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    2. Elham Fakhraian & Marc Alier & Francesc Valls Dalmau & Alireza Nameni & Maria José Casañ Guerrero, 2021. "The Urban Rooftop Photovoltaic Potential Determination," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-18, July.
    3. Saez, R. & Boer, D. & Shobo, A.B. & Vallès, M., 2023. "Techno-economic analysis of residential rooftop photovoltaics in Spain," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    4. George Stamatellos & Olympia Zogou & Anastassios Stamatelos, 2021. "Energy Performance Optimization of a House with Grid-Connected Rooftop PV Installation and Air Source Heat Pump," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-23, January.
    5. Dupré la Tour, Marie-Alix, 2023. "Photovoltaic and wind energy potential in Europe – A systematic review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    6. Fuster-Palop, Enrique & Prades-Gil, Carlos & Masip, X. & Viana-Fons, Joan D. & Payá, Jorge, 2021. "Innovative regression-based methodology to assess the techno-economic performance of photovoltaic installations in urban areas," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    7. Dasí-Crespo, Daniel & Roldán-Blay, Carlos & Escrivá-Escrivá, Guillermo & Roldán-Porta, Carlos, 2023. "Evaluation of the Spanish regulation on self-consumption photovoltaic installations. A case study based on a rural municipality in Spain," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 788-802.
    8. Gutierrez-Garcia, Francisco & Arcos-Vargas, Angel & Gomez-Exposito, Antonio, 2022. "Robustness of electricity systems with nearly 100% share of renewables: A worst-case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    9. Georgiou, Giorgos S. & Rouvas, Constantinos & Nathanael, Demetris, 2022. "Enhancing expansion of rooftop PV systems through Mixed Integer Linear Programming and Public Tender Procedures," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 347-361.
    10. Olivieri, Lorenzo & Caamaño-Martín, Estefanía & Sassenou, Louise-Nour & Olivieri, Francesca, 2020. "Contribution of photovoltaic distributed generation to the transition towards an emission-free supply to university campus: technical, economic feasibility and carbon emission reduction at the Univers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1703-1714.
    11. Abbas Al-Refaie & Natalija Lepkova & Constantinos Hadjistassou, 2023. "Using System Dynamics to Examine Effects of Satisfaction with PV Systems, Advertising, and Competition on Energy Security and CO 2 Emissions in Jordan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-25, October.
    12. Gassar, Abdo Abdullah Ahmed & Cha, Seung Hyun, 2021. "Review of geographic information systems-based rooftop solar photovoltaic potential estimation approaches at urban scales," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).

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