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The effect of heavy tars (toluene and naphthalene) on the electrochemical performance of an anode-supported SOFC running on bio-syngas

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  • Papurello, Davide
  • Lanzini, Andrea
  • Leone, Pierluigi
  • Santarelli, Massimo

Abstract

The effect of heavy tar compounds on the performance of a Ni-YSZ anode supported solid oxide fuel cell was investigated. Both toluene and naphthalene were chosen as model compounds and tested separately with a simulated bio-syngas. Notably, the effect of naphthalene is almost negligible with pure H2 feed to the SOFC, whereas a severe degradation is observed when using a bio-syngas with an H2:CO = 1. The tar compound showed to have a remarkable effect on the inhibition of the WGS shift-reaction, possibly also on the CO direct electro-oxidation at the three-phase-boundary. An interaction through adsorption of naphthalene on nickel catalytic and electrocatalytic active sites is a plausible explanation for observed degradation and strong performance loss. Different sites seem to be involved for H2 and CO electro-oxidation and also with regard to catalytic water gas shift reaction. Finally, heavy tars (C ≥ 10) must be regarded as a poison more than a fuel for SOFC applications, contrarily to lighter compounds such benzene or toluene that can directly reformed within the anode electrode. The presence of naphthalene strongly increases the risk of anode re-oxidation in a syngas stream as CO conversion to H2 is inhibited and also CH4 conversion is blocked.

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  • Papurello, Davide & Lanzini, Andrea & Leone, Pierluigi & Santarelli, Massimo, 2016. "The effect of heavy tars (toluene and naphthalene) on the electrochemical performance of an anode-supported SOFC running on bio-syngas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 747-753.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:99:y:2016:i:c:p:747-753
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.07.029
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Papurello, Davide & Lanzini, Andrea & Drago, Davide & Leone, Pierluigi & Santarelli, Massimo, 2016. "Limiting factors for planar solid oxide fuel cells under different trace compound concentrations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 67-78.
    2. Liu, Ming & van der Kleij, A. & Verkooijen, A.H.M. & Aravind, P.V., 2013. "An experimental study of the interaction between tar and SOFCs with Ni/GDC anodes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 149-157.
    3. Papurello, D. & Borchiellini, R. & Bareschino, P. & Chiodo, V. & Freni, S. & Lanzini, A. & Pepe, F. & Ortigoza, G.A. & Santarelli, M, 2014. "Performance of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell short-stack with biogas feeding," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 254-263.
    4. Papurello, Davide & Lanzini, Andrea & Tognana, Lorenzo & Silvestri, Silvia & Santarelli, Massimo, 2015. "Waste to energy: Exploitation of biogas from organic waste in a 500 Wel solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 145-158.
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    2. Papurello, Davide & Chiodo, Vitaliano & Maisano, Susanna & Lanzini, Andrea & Santarelli, Massimo, 2018. "Catalytic stability of a Ni-Catalyst towards biogas reforming in the presence of deactivating trace compounds," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 481-494.
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    4. Giovanni Coppola & Davide Papurello, 2018. "Biogas Cleaning: Activated Carbon Regeneration for H 2 S Removal," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 1(1), pages 1-18, June.
    5. Sun, Hangyu & Yang, Ziyi & Liu, Guangqing & Zhang, Yi & Tong, Yen Wah & Wang, Wen, 2023. "Double-edged effect of tar on anaerobic digestion: Equivalent method and modeling investigation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
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    7. Cavalli, A. & Kunze, M. & Aravind, P.V., 2018. "Cross-influence of toluene as tar model compound and HCl on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell anodes in Integrated Biomass Gasifier SOFC Systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 1-11.
    8. Davide Papurello & Massimo Santarelli & Sonia Fiorilli, 2018. "Physical Activation of Waste-Derived Materials for Biogas Cleaning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-12, September.

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