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Assessing offshore wind resources: An accessible methodology

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  • Dhanju, Amardeep
  • Whitaker, Phillip
  • Kempton, Willett

Abstract

This paper describes a method for assessing the electric production and value of wind resources, specifically for the offshore environment. Three steps constitute our method. First, we map the available area, delimiting bathymetric areas based on turbine tower technology, then assess competing uses of the ocean to establish exclusion zones. From exclusion zones, bathymetry, and turbine tower water depth limitations, the water sheet area available for wind turbines is calculated. The second step is calculation of power production starting from available area, which determines the location and count of turbines. Then existing wind data are extrapolated to turbine height and, along with the turbine power output curve, they are used to establish the expected electric power production on an hourly basis. The third step calculates market value based on the hourly electric market at the nearest electric grid node.

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  • Dhanju, Amardeep & Whitaker, Phillip & Kempton, Willett, 2008. "Assessing offshore wind resources: An accessible methodology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 55-64.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:33:y:2008:i:1:p:55-64
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2007.03.006
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    1. Firestone, Jeremy & Kempton, Willett, 2007. "Public opinion about large offshore wind power: Underlying factors," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1584-1598, March.
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    1. Chancham, Chana & Waewsak, Jompob & Gagnon, Yves, 2017. "Offshore wind resource assessment and wind power plant optimization in the Gulf of Thailand," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 706-731.
    2. Dvorak, Michael J. & Archer, Cristina L. & Jacobson, Mark Z., 2010. "California offshore wind energy potential," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 1244-1254.
    3. Dhanju, Amardeep & Firestone, Jeremy & Kempton, Willett, 2011. "Potential role of power authorities in offshore wind power development in the US," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(11), pages 7025-7035.
    4. Waewsak, Jompob & Landry, Mathieu & Gagnon, Yves, 2015. "Offshore wind power potential of the Gulf of Thailand," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 609-626.
    5. Hong, Lixuan & Möller, Bernd, 2011. "Offshore wind energy potential in China: Under technical, spatial and economic constraints," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 4482-4491.
    6. Angelis-Dimakis, Athanasios & Biberacher, Markus & Dominguez, Javier & Fiorese, Giulia & Gadocha, Sabine & Gnansounou, Edgard & Guariso, Giorgio & Kartalidis, Avraam & Panichelli, Luis & Pinedo, Irene, 2011. "Methods and tools to evaluate the availability of renewable energy sources," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 1182-1200, February.
    7. Shaobo Yang & Shanhua Duan & Linlin Fan & Chongwei Zheng & Xingfei Li & Hongyu Li & Jianjun Xu & Qiang Wang & Ming Feng, 2019. "10-Year Wind and Wave Energy Assessment in the North Indian Ocean," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-16, October.
    8. Felipe M. Pimenta & Allan R. Silva & Arcilan T. Assireu & Vinicio de S. e Almeida & Osvaldo R. Saavedra, 2019. "Brazil Offshore Wind Resources and Atmospheric Surface Layer Stability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-21, November.
    9. Kim, Ji-Young & Oh, Ki-Yong & Kang, Keum-Seok & Lee, Jun-Shin, 2013. "Site selection of offshore wind farms around the Korean Peninsula through economic evaluation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 189-195.
    10. G. Cornelis van Kooten, 2015. "All you want to know about the Economics of Wind Power," Working Papers 2015-07, University of Victoria, Department of Economics, Resource Economics and Policy Analysis Research Group.
    11. Sheridan, Blaise & Baker, Scott D. & Pearre, Nathaniel S. & Firestone, Jeremy & Kempton, Willett, 2012. "Calculating the offshore wind power resource: Robust assessment methods applied to the U.S. Atlantic Coast," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 224-233.
    12. Nagababu, Garlapati & Kachhwaha, Surendra Singh & Naidu, Natansh K. & Savsani, Vimal, 2017. "Application of reanalysis data to estimate offshore wind potential in EEZ of India based on marine ecosystem considerations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 622-631.
    13. Dhunny, A.Z. & Timmons, D.S. & Allam, Z. & Lollchund, M.R. & Cunden, T.S.M., 2020. "An economic assessment of near-shore wind farm development using a weather research forecast-based genetic algorithm model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).
    14. Vinhoza, Amanda & Schaeffer, Roberto, 2021. "Brazil's offshore wind energy potential assessment based on a Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    15. Gadad, Sanjeev & Deka, Paresh Chandra, 2016. "Offshore wind power resource assessment using Oceansat-2 scatterometer data at a regional scale," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 157-170.
    16. Sylvester Stallone Pereira de Azevedo & Amaro Olimpio Pereira Junior & Neilton Fidelis da Silva & Renato Samuel Barbosa de Araújo & Antonio Aldísio Carlos Júnior, 2020. "Assessment of Offshore Wind Power Potential along the Brazilian Coast," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-24, May.

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