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Bio-based plant-extract facilitated MgO nanocatalyst for the transformation of agriculture waste derived-feedstock into biodiesel and as nano-additive in diesel engine

Author

Listed:
  • Arun, S.B.
  • Yatish, K.V.
  • Tigari, Girish
  • Prashanth, G.K.
  • Lalithamba, H.S.
  • Pramoda, K.

Abstract

Plant extract-facilitated nanoparticles as heterogeneous catalysts may open novel possibilities for enhancing eco-friendly biodiesel production. In this study, agricultural waste Butea monosperma plant components such as flowers and seeds are successfully used as low-cost, renewable and sustainable resources for synthesizing reusable magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) and biodiesel production. A 96.21 % biodiesel/Butea monopserma methyl ester (BMME) yield was attained using a response surface methodology algorithm under a molar ratio of 11:1, a reaction period of 70 min, and a concentration of 4.46 wt% MgO catalyst. The catalyst can be reused seven times, with BMME yields exceeding 84.5 %. MgO NPs were used as a nano-additive in diesel engines to study the emissions and performance of biodiesel blended with diesel. The MgO NPs were added to the B20 fuel at 50, 100, and 150 ppm concentrations. The results revealed that B20MgO100 has a 12.29 % greater brake thermal efficiency than B20 and reduces brake-specific fuel consumption by 28.57 %. B20MgO150 had significantly lower emissions from the diesel engine, including CO (14.28 %), UHC (17.30 %), and NOx (5.08 %), compared to B20. Because of its remarkable stability, excellent biodiesel yield, effective utilization in diesel engines, and high catalytic capability, MgO is highly encouraged for industrial biodiesel production.

Suggested Citation

  • Arun, S.B. & Yatish, K.V. & Tigari, Girish & Prashanth, G.K. & Lalithamba, H.S. & Pramoda, K., 2026. "Bio-based plant-extract facilitated MgO nanocatalyst for the transformation of agriculture waste derived-feedstock into biodiesel and as nano-additive in diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(PD).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:256:y:2026:i:pd:s0960148125018828
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124218
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    1. Sannagoudar Basanagoudar, Arun & Maleki, Basir & Prakash Ravikumar, Mithun & Mounesh, & Kuppe, Pramoda & Kalanakoppal Venkatesh, Yatish, 2024. "Exploitation of Annona reticulata leaf extract for the synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles as catalyst for the production of biodiesel using seed oil thereof," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
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