IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v144y2019icp56-67.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Design and optimization of airfoils and a 20 kW wind turbine using multi-objective genetic algorithm and HARP_Opt code

Author

Listed:
  • Ram, Krishnil R.
  • Lal, Sunil P.
  • Ahmed, M. Rafiuddin

Abstract

Small wind turbines (SWTs) are ideal for supplying electricity to small remote communities that do not have grid access. However, literature review and trends point out that SWTs are far from fully developed. While larger wind turbines have been researched extensively and perfected, SWTs lack improvements in efficiency and capacity factor. In the present work, airfoil sections for a 20 kW wind turbine were generated using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm. The USP07-45XX family of airfoils was designed to achieve maximum lift-to-drag ratio from 4 to 10° angles of attack and to be insensitive to leading edge roughness. The USP07-45XX airfoils showed only slight change during clean and soiled conditions both in experiments and in numerical studies. The optimized airfoils were used in the design of a 20 kW wind turbine. The turbine design and optimization code developed by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) – HARP_Opt – was used to design and optimize the 20 kW turbine. The turbine was designed using soiled airfoil characteristics of the USP07-45XX family of airfoils. Power curves show cut in speed of 2 m/s and a rated speed of 9 m/s. This gives an annual energy production (AEP) of 4.787 × 104 kWh while having leading edge soiling on blades. The high resistance of the airfoil to soiling means that the AEP will not vary from its design value due to the turbine blades getting dirty or soiled.

Suggested Citation

  • Ram, Krishnil R. & Lal, Sunil P. & Ahmed, M. Rafiuddin, 2019. "Design and optimization of airfoils and a 20 kW wind turbine using multi-objective genetic algorithm and HARP_Opt code," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 56-67.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:144:y:2019:i:c:p:56-67
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.08.040
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096014811830990X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2018.08.040?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Usha Rao, K. & Kishore, V.V.N., 2009. "Wind power technology diffusion analysis in selected states of India," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 983-988.
    2. Glen P. Peters & Robbie M. Andrew & Josep G. Canadell & Sabine Fuss & Robert B. Jackson & Jan Ivar Korsbakken & Corinne Le Quéré & Nebojsa Nakicenovic, 2017. "Key indicators to track current progress and future ambition of the Paris Agreement," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 7(2), pages 118-122, February.
    3. Boukhezzar, B. & Lupu, L. & Siguerdidjane, H. & Hand, M., 2007. "Multivariable control strategy for variable speed, variable pitch wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(8), pages 1273-1287.
    4. Kumar, Ajal & Prasad, Shivneel, 2010. "Examining wind quality and wind power prospects on Fiji Islands," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 536-540.
    5. Gustave P. Corten & Herman F. Veldkamp, 2001. "Insects can halve wind-turbine power," Nature, Nature, vol. 412(6842), pages 41-42, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Henda Zorgani Agrebi & Naourez Benhadj & Mohamed Chaieb & Farooq Sher & Roua Amami & Rafik Neji & Neil Mansfield, 2021. "Integrated Optimal Design of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator for Smart Wind Turbine Using Genetic Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Mauro, S. & Lanzafame, R. & Messina, M. & Brusca, S., 2023. "On the importance of the root-to-hub adapter effects on HAWT performance: A CFD-BEM numerical investigation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    3. Al-Sanad, Shaikha & Wang, Lin & Parol, Jafarali & Kolios, Athanasios, 2021. "Reliability-based design optimisation framework for wind turbine towers," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 942-953.
    4. Du, Qiuwan & Li, Yunzhu & Yang, Like & Liu, Tianyuan & Zhang, Di & Xie, Yonghui, 2022. "Performance prediction and design optimization of turbine blade profile with deep learning method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).
    5. Wenbin Su & Hongbo Wei & Penghua Guo & Qiao Hu & Mengyuan Guo & Yuanjie Zhou & Dayu Zhang & Zhufeng Lei & Chaohui Wang, 2021. "Research on Hydraulic Conversion Technology of Small Ocean Current Turbines for Low-Flow Current Energy Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-19, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mérida, Jován & Aguilar, Luis T. & Dávila, Jorge, 2014. "Analysis and synthesis of sliding mode control for large scale variable speed wind turbine for power optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 715-728.
    2. Fan, Zhixin & Zhu, Caichao, 2019. "The optimization and the application for the wind turbine power-wind speed curve," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 52-61.
    3. Marco Grasso & J. David Tàbara, 2019. "Towards a Moral Compass to Guide Sustainability Transformations in a High-End Climate Change World," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-16, May.
    4. Dayal, Kunal K. & Cater, John E. & Kingan, Michael J. & Bellon, Gilles D. & Sharma, Rajnish N., 2021. "Wind resource assessment and energy potential of selected locations in Fiji," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 219-237.
    5. Mostafaeipour, Ali, 2010. "Productivity and development issues of global wind turbine industry," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 1048-1058, April.
    6. Yolanda Vidal & Leonardo Acho & Ningsu Luo & Mauricio Zapateiro & Francesc Pozo, 2012. "Power Control Design for Variable-Speed Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(8), pages 1-18, August.
    7. Francisco Estrada & Veronica Lupi & Wouter Botzen & Richard S.J. Tol, 2024. "Urban and Non-Urban Contributions to the Social Cost of Carbon," Working Paper Series 0424, Department of Economics, University of Sussex Business School.
    8. Md. Afzal Hossain & Jean Engo & Songsheng Chen, 2021. "The main factors behind Cameroon’s CO2 emissions before, during and after the economic crisis of the 1980s," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 4500-4520, March.
    9. Azizi, Askar & Nourisola, Hamid & Shoja-Majidabad, Sajjad, 2019. "Fault tolerant control of wind turbines with an adaptive output feedback sliding mode controller," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 55-65.
    10. Reddy, B. Sudhakara, 2018. "Economic dynamics and technology diffusion in indian power sector," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 425-435.
    11. Choi, Gobong & Huh, Sung-Yoon & Heo, Eunnyeong & Lee, Chul-Yong, 2018. "Prices versus quantities: Comparing economic efficiency of feed-in tariff and renewable portfolio standard in promoting renewable electricity generation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 239-248.
    12. Phillips, Jon & Newell, Peter, 2013. "The governance of clean energy in India: The clean development mechanism (CDM) and domestic energy politics," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 654-662.
    13. Nikita Tomin, 2023. "Robust Reinforcement Learning-Based Multiple Inputs and Multiple Outputs Controller for Wind Turbines," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-19, July.
    14. Singh, Rhythm, 2018. "Energy sufficiency aspirations of India and the role of renewable resources: Scenarios for future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P2), pages 2783-2795.
    15. Wang, Nan & Akimoto, Keigo & Nemet, Gregory F., 2021. "What went wrong? Learning from three decades of carbon capture, utilization and sequestration (CCUS) pilot and demonstration projects," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    16. Chen, Jiahao & Hu, Zhiqiang & Liu, Geliang & Wan, Decheng, 2019. "Coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic methods for floating wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 139-153.
    17. Haleh Moghaddasi & Charles Culp & Jorge Vanegas & Mehrdad Ehsani, 2021. "Net Zero Energy Buildings: Variations, Clarifications, and Requirements in Response to the Paris Agreement," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-21, June.
    18. Han, Chenlu & Nagamune, Ryozo, 2020. "Platform position control of floating wind turbines using aerodynamic force," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 896-907.
    19. Dalili, N. & Edrisy, A. & Carriveau, R., 2009. "A review of surface engineering issues critical to wind turbine performance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 428-438, February.
    20. Eleni Douvi & Dimitra Douvi, 2023. "Aerodynamic Characteristics of Wind Turbines Operating under Hazard Environmental Conditions: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-43, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:144:y:2019:i:c:p:56-67. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.