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Effects of historical land use and land pattern changes on soil erosion – Case studies from Lower Austria and Central Bohemia

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  • Devátý, Jan
  • Dostál, Tomáš
  • Hösl, Rosemarie
  • Krása, Josef
  • Strauss, Peter

Abstract

This paper addresses changes in land use and in the spatial distribution of land units and their influence on the soil erosion risk in two areas with a different geomorphology and a different historical and political development: an intensively-used lowland agricultural watershed in central Bohemia, Czech Republic, and a partially hilly agricultural and wine-producing municipality in northern Austria. Our analyses sum up the development of these two study sites, on which the forces driving the land use and the land structure differ due to the different political background in the two countries since the World War II. A definition of the landscape structure was obtained for a sequence of historical time horizons, using the best available data sources. The first historical scenario is based on mid-19th century cadastral maps, while the later scenarios are based on aerial photographs. The soil erosion was then estimated by the Universal Soil Loss Equation in a distributed form application, using GIS preprocessing and the USLE2D utility to calculate the LS-factor. Parcel connectivity ranging from 0 to 100% in 25% steps was used for all of the simulated scenarios. The study shows that even if the spatial extent of the agricultural land does not change significantly, the inner organization of the farming blocks can have a strong effect on the risk of soil erosion. The absolute values of the soil loss are affected by the parcel connectivity used, but the trends defined by the landscape layout are obvious throughout the examined reference years nevertheless. The landscape structure and therefore the soil erosion risk is strongly affected by the economic and political situation and related decisions. Agricultural policies set the fundamental principles on which fragmentation is based.

Suggested Citation

  • Devátý, Jan & Dostál, Tomáš & Hösl, Rosemarie & Krása, Josef & Strauss, Peter, 2019. "Effects of historical land use and land pattern changes on soil erosion – Case studies from Lower Austria and Central Bohemia," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 674-685.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:lauspo:v:82:y:2019:i:c:p:674-685
    DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.11.058
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kuskova, Petra & Gingrich, Simone & Krausmann, Fridolin, 2008. "Long term changes in social metabolism and land use in Czechoslovakia, 1830-2000: An energy transition under changing political regimes," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(1-2), pages 394-407, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Julie Winterová & Josef Krása & Miroslav Bauer & Nina Noreika & Tomáš Dostál, 2022. "Using WaTEM/SEDEM to Model the Effects of Crop Rotation and Changes in Land Use on Sediment Transport in the Vrchlice Watershed," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-16, May.
    2. Bacior, Stanisław, 2023. "Austrian Cadastre still in use – Example proceedings to determine the legal status of land property in southern Poland," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    3. Jana Podhrazska & Jan Szturc & Petr Karasek & Josef Kucera & Jana Konecna, 2019. "Economic impacts of farmland degradation in the Czech Republic - Case study," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 65(11), pages 529-538.
    4. Tanja Srejić & Sanja Manojlović & Mikica Sibinović & Branislav Bajat & Ivan Novković & Marko V. Milošević & Ivana Carević & Mirjana Todosijević & Marko G. Sedlak, 2023. "Agricultural Land Use Changes as a Driving Force of Soil Erosion in the Velika Morava River Basin, Serbia," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-27, March.
    5. Haiyan Fang & Zemeng Fan, 2020. "Assessment of Soil Erosion at Multiple Spatial Scales Following Land Use Changes in 1980–2017 in the Black Soil Region, (NE) China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-19, October.
    6. Trnka, Miroslav & Vizina, Adam & Hanel, Martin & Balek, Jan & Fischer, Milan & Hlavinka, Petr & Semerádová, Daniela & Štěpánek, Petr & Zahradníček, Pavel & Skalák, Petr & Eitzinger, Josef & Dubrovský,, 2022. "Increasing available water capacity as a factor for increasing drought resilience or potential conflict over water resources under present and future climate conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    7. Jiyun Li & Yong Zhou & Qing Li & Siqi Yi & Lina Peng, 2022. "Exploring the Effects of Land Use Changes on the Landscape Pattern and Soil Erosion of Western Hubei Province from 2000 to 2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-27, January.
    8. Jana Moravcova & Vendula Moravcova & Tomas Pavlicek & Nikola Novakova, 2022. "Land Use Has Changed through the Last 200 Years in Various Production Areas of South Bohemia," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-19, September.

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