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Where to park? A behavioural comparison of bus Park and Ride and city centre car park usage in Bath, UK

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  • Clayton, William
  • Ben-Elia, Eran
  • Parkhurst, Graham
  • Ricci, Miriam

Abstract

Integrating car parking facilities with public transport in Park and Ride (P&R) facilities has the potential to shorten car trips, contributing to more sustainable mobility. There is an ongoing debate about the actual effects of P&R on the transport system at the subregional level. A key issue is the relative attractiveness of city centre car parks (CCCP), P&R and public transport. The paper presents the findings of a comparative empirical case-study based on a field survey of CCCP and P&R users conducted in the city of Bath, UK. Spatial and statistical analyses are applied. Radial distance to parking, availability of P&R sites in the direction of travel, gender, age, income and party-size are found to be important factors in a binary logistic regression model, explaining the revealed-preference of parking type. Stated analysis of foregone parking alternatives suggests more use of public transport and walking/cycling would likely occur without first-best parking alternatives. The policy implications and possible planning alternatives to P&R at the urban fringes for achieving greater sustainability goals are also discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Clayton, William & Ben-Elia, Eran & Parkhurst, Graham & Ricci, Miriam, 2014. "Where to park? A behavioural comparison of bus Park and Ride and city centre car park usage in Bath, UK," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 124-133.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:36:y:2014:i:c:p:124-133
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2014.03.011
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    3. Elżbieta Macioszek & Agata Kurek, 2021. "The Analysis of the Factors Determining the Choice of Park and Ride Facility Using a Multinomial Logit Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-33, January.
    4. Wei Wang & Zhentian Sun & Zhiyuan Wang & Yue Liu & Jun Chen, 2020. "Multi-Objective Optimization Model for P + R and K + R Facilities’ Collaborative Layout Decision," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-17, October.
    5. Xinyuan Chen & Ruyang Yin & Qinhe An & Yuan Zhang, 2021. "Modeling a Distance-Based Preferential Fare Scheme for Park-and-Ride Services in a Multimodal Transport Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-14, March.
    6. Elżbieta Macioszek & Agata Kurek, 2020. "The Use of a Park and Ride System—A Case Study Based on the City of Cracow (Poland)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-26, July.
    7. Yang, Zhenshan & Jia, Peng & Liu, Weidong & Yin, Hongchun, 2017. "Car ownership and urban development in Chinese cities: A panel data analysis," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 127-134.
    8. Giorgio Besagni & Marco Borgarello, 2020. "The socio-demographic dimensions of the private transportation emissions," ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 0(1), pages 13-24.

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