IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finana/v97y2025ics1057521924008019.html

Price effects of asset forced sales during massive pension funds withdrawals

Author

Listed:
  • Díaz, Juan D.
  • Hansen, Erwin

Abstract

In July 2020, the Chilean Congress made an unexpected modification to the Constitution, allowing workers to take their mandatory pension savings for the first time since the pension system was established in 1981. Two other withdrawals took place in December 2020 and April 2021. Pension fund administrators had to liquidate assets (stocks and bonds) worth 20% of GDP within a short period. Using difference-in-differences and event study methods, we analyze these events, demonstrating how forced sales affected domestic asset prices. Our findings reveal that selling pressures during withdrawals impact domestic asset prices, with the Central Bank’s intervention in the bond market playing a significant role in shaping these effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Díaz, Juan D. & Hansen, Erwin, 2025. "Price effects of asset forced sales during massive pension funds withdrawals," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finana:v:97:y:2025:i:c:s1057521924008019
    DOI: 10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103869
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1057521924008019
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.irfa.2024.103869?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Helwege, Jean & Wang, Liying, 2021. "Liquidity and price pressure in the corporate bond market: evidence from mega-bonds," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 48(C).
    2. Joseph Gagnon & Matthew Raskin & Julie Remache & Brian Sack, 2011. "The Financial Market Effects of the Federal Reserve's Large-Scale Asset Purchases," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 7(1), pages 3-43, March.
    3. Antonio Falato & Ali Hortaçsu & Dan Li & Chaehee Shin, 2021. "Fire‐Sale Spillovers in Debt Markets," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 76(6), pages 3055-3102, December.
    4. Felipe E. Aldunate & Zhi Da & Borja Larrain & Clemens Sialm, 2022. "Non-Fundamental Flows and Foreign Exchange Rates," NBER Working Papers 30753, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Choi, Jaewon & Hoseinzade, Saeid & Shin, Sean Seunghun & Tehranian, Hassan, 2020. "Corporate bond mutual funds and asset fire sales," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(2), pages 432-457.
    6. D’Amico, Stefania & King, Thomas B., 2013. "Flow and stock effects of large-scale treasury purchases: Evidence on the importance of local supply," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(2), pages 425-448.
    7. Larrain, Borja & Muñoz, Daniel & Tessada, José, 2017. "Asset fire sales in equity markets: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 71-85.
    8. Kristy Jansen & Sven Klingler & Angelo Ranaldo & Patty Duijm, 2024. "Pension Liquidity Risk," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 24-16, Swiss Finance Institute.
    9. Lasse Heje Pedersen & Mark Mitchell & Todd Pulvino, 2007. "Slow Moving Capital," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(2), pages 215-220, May.
    10. Chotibhak Jotikasthira & Christian Lundblad & Tarun Ramadorai, 2012. "Asset Fire Sales and Purchases and the International Transmission of Funding Shocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 67(6), pages 2015-2050, December.
    11. Berger, Elizabeth A., 2023. "Selection Bias in Mutual Fund Fire Sales," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 58(3), pages 1039-1077, May.
    12. Zhi Da & Borja Larrain & Clemens Sialm & José Tessada, 2018. "Destabilizing Financial Advice: Evidence from Pension Fund Reallocations," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 31(10), pages 3720-3755.
    13. Valentin Haddad & Alan Moreira & Tyler Muir, 2023. "Whatever it Takes? The Impact of Conditional Policy Promises," NBER Working Papers 31259, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Fauver, Larry & Hung, Mingyi & Li, Xi & Taboada, Alvaro G., 2017. "Board reforms and firm value: Worldwide evidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(1), pages 120-142.
    15. Coval, Joshua & Stafford, Erik, 2007. "Asset fire sales (and purchases) in equity markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(2), pages 479-512, November.
    16. Ben Charoenwong & Randall Morck & Yupana Wiwattanakantang, 2021. "Bank of Japan Equity Purchases: The (Non-)Effects of Extreme Quantitative Easing [Whatever it takes: the real effects of unconventional monetary policy]," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 25(3), pages 713-743.
    17. James Dow & Jungsuk Han, 2018. "The Paradox of Financial Fire Sales: The Role of Arbitrage Capital in Determining Liquidity," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 73(1), pages 229-274, February.
    18. Pablo Kurlat, 2016. "Asset Markets With Heterogeneous Information," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 84, pages 33-85, January.
    19. Thorsten Beck & Ross Levine & Alexey Levkov, 2010. "Big Bad Banks? The Winners and Losers from Bank Deregulation in the United States," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 65(5), pages 1637-1667, October.
    20. Rohan Arora & Sermin Gungor & Joe Nesrallah & Guillaume Ouellet Leblanc & Jonathan Witmer, 2021. "The impact of the Bank of Canada’s Government Bond Purchase Program," Staff Analytical Notes 2021-23, Bank of Canada.
    21. Jack Meaning & Feng Zhu, 2011. "The impact of recent central bank asset purchase programmes," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, December.
    22. Babbel, David F. & Merrill, Craig B. & Meyer, Mark F. & de Villiers, Meiring, 2004. "The Effect of Transaction Size on Off-the-Run Treasury Prices," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 39(3), pages 595-611, September.
    23. Madeira, Carlos, 2022. "The impact of the Chilean pension withdrawals during the Covid pandemic on the future savings rate," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Lin, Xiaolan & Wang, Li, 2025. "How do enterprise big data applications mitigate asset mispricing?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sheng Huang & Matthew C. Ringgenberg & Zhe Zhang, 2023. "The Information in Asset Fire Sales," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(9), pages 5066-5086, September.
    2. Kurlat, Pablo, 2021. "Investment externalities in models of fire sales," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 102-118.
    3. Sui, Cong & Chen, Nan & Yang, Mo, 2023. "Not all market participants are alike when facing crisis: Evidence from the 2015 Chinese stock market turbulence," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    4. Maciej Stefański, 2023. "Quantitative Easing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Country Study," KAE Working Papers 2023-088, Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis.
    5. Maciej Stefański, 2021. "Macroeconomic Effects of Quantitative Easing Using Mid-sized Bayesian Vector Autoregressions," KAE Working Papers 2021-068, Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis.
    6. Shohini Kundu, 2024. "Financial Covenants and Fire Sales in Closed-End Funds," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 70(2), pages 860-884, February.
    7. Georgios Chortareas & Menelaos Karanasos & Emmanouil Noikokyris, 2019. "Quantitative Easing And The Uk Stock Market: Does The Bank Of England Information Dissemination Strategy Matter?," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 57(1), pages 569-583, January.
    8. Kathi Schlepper & Heiko Hofer & Ryan Riordan & Andreas Schrimpf, 2017. "Scarcity effects of QE: A transaction-level analysis in the Bund market," BIS Working Papers 625, Bank for International Settlements.
    9. Rzeźnik, Aleksandra, 2025. "Skilled active liquidity management: Evidence from shocks to fund flows," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    10. Song, Zhaogang & Zhu, Haoxiang, 2018. "Quantitative easing auctions of Treasury bonds," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(1), pages 103-124.
    11. Motto, Roberto & Özen, Kadir, 2022. "Market-stabilization QE," Working Paper Series 2640, European Central Bank.
    12. Belke, Angar & Gros, Daniel & Osowski, Thomas, 2017. "The effectiveness of the Fed’s quantitative easing policy: New evidence based on international interest rate differentials," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(PB), pages 335-349.
    13. Yuteng Cheng & Roberto Robatto, 2024. "Fire Sales and Liquidity Requirements," Staff Working Papers 24-18, Bank of Canada.
    14. Sophocles N. Brissimis & Evangelia A. Georgiou, 2022. "The effects of Federal Reserve's quantitative easing and balance sheet normalization policies on long-term interest rates," Working Papers 299, Bank of Greece.
    15. Larrain, Borja & Muñoz, Daniel & Tessada, José, 2017. "Asset fire sales in equity markets: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 71-85.
    16. Georges Dionne & Akouété‐Tognikin Fenou & Mohamed Mnasri, 2025. "Insurers' M&As in the United States during the 1990‒2022 period: Is the Fed monetary policy a causal factor?," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 28(4), pages 609-642, December.
    17. Helwege, Jean & Wang, Liying, 2021. "Liquidity and price pressure in the corporate bond market: evidence from mega-bonds," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 48(C).
    18. Eric Fischer, 2020. "Monetary Surprises and Global Financial Flows: A Case Study of Latin America," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 19(2), pages 189-225, August.
    19. Simon Gilchrist & Egon Zakrajšek, 2013. "The Impact of the Federal Reserve's Large‐Scale Asset Purchase Programs on Corporate Credit Risk," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 45(s2), pages 29-57, December.
    20. Choi, Jaewon & Hoseinzade, Saeid & Shin, Sean Seunghun & Tehranian, Hassan, 2020. "Corporate bond mutual funds and asset fire sales," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(2), pages 432-457.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finana:v:97:y:2025:i:c:s1057521924008019. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/620166 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.