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Torrefaction of wood and bark from Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens: Focus on volatile evolution vs feasible temperatures

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  • Arteaga-Pérez, Luis E.
  • Segura, Cristina
  • Bustamante-García, Verónica
  • Gómez Cápiro, Oscar
  • Jiménez, Romel

Abstract

Torrefaction is a thermal pretreatment leading to the improvement of most of the fuel properties of biomass, namely energy density, HHV (higher heating value), grindability and hydrophobicity. The aim of this study is to identify the most feasible temperature to carry out torrefaction of Eucalyptus globulus and nitens, based on chemical evidences associated to the release of volatiles during thermal treatment of biomass. With that end: (i) Devolatilization kinetics, (ii) Effects of temperature and residence time and (iii) volatiles composition during torrefaction of both wood and bark were analyzed. In all cases DTG (derivative thermogravimetric curves) exhibited the typical shape of lignocellulosic materials, with three decomposition phases and two reaction zones. Values of activation energies for hemicellulose decomposition, were in agreement with those reported in the literature (121–170 kJ/mol). Carboxylic acids, water and phenolic compounds showed two peaks, which were associated to torrefaction (below 310 °C) and pyrolysis (310–410 °C) respectively. The most feasible temperatures for torrefaction were estimated as a function of these peaks, and it ranged between 295 °C and 310 °C for all samples. Main volatile species at the torrefaction peaks were distributed as Water > Acetic Acid > CO2 > Others, while Levoglucosan formation was marginal, due to the catalytic effect of inorganics.

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  • Arteaga-Pérez, Luis E. & Segura, Cristina & Bustamante-García, Verónica & Gómez Cápiro, Oscar & Jiménez, Romel, 2015. "Torrefaction of wood and bark from Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens: Focus on volatile evolution vs feasible temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 1731-1741.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:93:y:2015:i:p2:p:1731-1741
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.007
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    6. Barta-Rajnai, E. & Wang, L. & Sebestyén, Z. & Barta, Z. & Khalil, R. & Skreiberg, Ø. & Grønli, M. & Jakab, E. & Czégény, Z., 2017. "Comparative study on the thermal behavior of untreated and various torrefied bark, stem wood, and stump of Norway spruce," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 1043-1054.
    7. Hanoğlu, Alper & Çay, Ahmet & Yanık, Jale, 2019. "Production of biochars from textile fibres through torrefaction and their characterisation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 664-673.
    8. Wang, L. & Barta-Rajnai, E. & Skreiberg, Ø. & Khalil, R. & Czégény, Z. & Jakab, E. & Barta, Z. & Grønli, M., 2018. "Effect of torrefaction on physiochemical characteristics and grindability of stem wood, stump and bark," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 137-148.
    9. Chen, Congjin & Zhu, Jingxian & Jia, Shuang & Mi, Shuai & Tong, Zhangfa & Li, Zhixia & Li, Mingfei & Zhang, Yanjuan & Hu, Yuhua & Huang, Zuqiang, 2018. "Effect of ethanol on Mulberry bark hydrothermal liquefaction and bio-oil chemical compositions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 460-475.
    10. Isabel Malico & Ana Cristina Gonçalves, 2021. "Eucalyptus globulus Coppices in Portugal: Influence of Site and Percentage of Residues Collected for Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-14, May.
    11. Abdulyekeen, Kabir Abogunde & Umar, Ahmad Abulfathi & Patah, Muhamad Fazly Abdul & Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan, 2021. "Torrefaction of biomass: Production of enhanced solid biofuel from municipal solid waste and other types of biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    12. Umut Şen & Bruno Esteves & Helena Pereira, 2023. "Pyrolysis and Extraction of Bark in a Biorefineries Context: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-23, June.
    13. Ignacio, Luís Henrique da Silva & Santos, Pedro Eduardo de Almeida & Duarte, Carlos Antonio Ribeiro, 2019. "An experimental assessment of Eucalyptus urosemente energy potential for biomass production in Brazil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 361-369.
    14. Álvarez, Ana & Nogueiro, Dositeo & Pizarro, Consuelo & Matos, María & Bueno, Julio L., 2018. "Non-oxidative torrefaction of biomass to enhance its fuel properties," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 1-8.
    15. Moya, Roger & Rodríguez-Zúñiga, Ana & Puente-Urbina, Allen & Gaitán-Álvarez, Johanna, 2018. "Study of light, middle and severe torrefaction and effects of extractives and chemical compositions on torrefaction process by thermogravimetric analysis in five fast-growing plantations of Costa Rica," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 1-10.

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