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Potential of waste palm cooking oil for catalyst-free biodiesel production

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  • Tan, K.T.
  • Lee, K.T.
  • Mohamed, A.R.

Abstract

Disposal of waste palm cooking oil (WPCO) via an environmental-friendly route is of major importance in the quest for sustainable development. In this study, WPCO was utilized instead of refined vegetable oils as the source of triglycerides for biodiesel production. WPCO contains several impurities, such as water and free fatty acids, which limit its application in catalytic transesterification processes. Consequently, a catalyst-free process using supercritical methanol was employed to investigate the potential of WPCO as an economical feedstock for biodiesel production. The parameters that influence the reaction, including reaction time, temperature and the molar ratio of alcohol to oil, were investigated. For comparison purposes, refined palm oil (RPO) was also subjected to supercritical methanol reaction and it was found that both processes produced comparable optimum yields of 80% at their respective optimum conditions. Hence, it can be concluded that WPCO has high potential as an economical and practical future source of biodiesel.

Suggested Citation

  • Tan, K.T. & Lee, K.T. & Mohamed, A.R., 2011. "Potential of waste palm cooking oil for catalyst-free biodiesel production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 2085-2088.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:4:p:2085-2088
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2010.05.003
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    8. Babazadeh, Reza & Razmi, Jafar & Pishvaee, Mir Saman & Rabbani, Masoud, 2017. "A sustainable second-generation biodiesel supply chain network design problem under risk," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 66(PB), pages 258-277.
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    10. Ranjit, P.S. & Chintala, Venkateswarlu, 2022. "Direct utilization of preheated deep fried oil in an indirect injection compression ignition engine with waste heat recovery framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
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    12. Sanjid, A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Rahman, S.M. Ashrafur & Abedin, M.J. & Palash, S.M., 2013. "Impact of palm, mustard, waste cooking oil and Calophyllum inophyllum biofuels on performance and emission of CI engine," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 664-682.
    13. Promraksa, Archw & Rakmak, Nirattisai & Schneider, Philip A., 2023. "Continuous flow extraction of biodiesel produced in a packed-bed reactor using supercritical carbon dioxide and tetrahydrofuran as solvents," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    14. Suhaiza Zailani & Mohammad Iranmanesh & Behzad Foroughi & Kwangyong Kim & Sunghyup Sean Hyun, 2020. "Effects of supply chain practices, integration and closed-loop supply chain activities on cost-containment of biodiesel," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 14(6), pages 1299-1319, December.
    15. Yaakob, Zahira & Mohammad, Masita & Alherbawi, Mohammad & Alam, Zahangir & Sopian, Kamaruzaman, 2013. "Overview of the production of biodiesel from Waste cooking oil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 184-193.
    16. Bhuiya, M.M.K. & Rasul, M.G. & Khan, M.M.K. & Ashwath, N. & Azad, A.K., 2016. "Prospects of 2nd generation biodiesel as a sustainable fuel—Part: 1 selection of feedstocks, oil extraction techniques and conversion technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 1109-1128.
    17. Cao, Leichang & Wang, Jieni & Liu, Kuojin & Han, Sheng, 2014. "Ethyl acetoacetate: A potential bio-based diluent for improving the cold flow properties of biodiesel from waste cooking oil," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 18-21.
    18. Babazadeh, Reza, 2017. "Optimal design and planning of biodiesel supply chain considering non-edible feedstock," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1089-1100.
    19. Go, Alchris Woo & Tran Nguyen, Phuong Lan & Huynh, Lien Huong & Liu, Ying-Tsung & Sutanto, Sylviana & Ju, Yi-Hsu, 2014. "Catalyst free esterification of fatty acids with methanol under subcritical condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 393-400.
    20. Chen, Kang-Shin & Lin, Yuan-Chung & Hsu, Kuo-Hsiang & Wang, Hsin-Kai, 2012. "Improving biodiesel yields from waste cooking oil by using sodium methoxide and a microwave heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 151-156.
    21. Abedin, M.J. & Kalam, M.A. & Masjuki, H.H. & Sabri, M.F.M. & Rahman, S.M. Ashrafur & Sanjid, A. & Fattah, I.M. Rizwanul, 2016. "Production of biodiesel from a non-edible source and study of its combustion, and emission characteristics: A comparative study with B5," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 20-29.

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