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Dynamic modeling and analysis of PV-Wind/Fuel Cell/TEG hybrid system including metal hydride tank for hydrogen upgrading

Author

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  • Hajji, M.
  • El Alem, H.
  • Labrim, H.
  • Benyoussef, A.
  • Benchrifa, R.
  • Mounkachi, O.

Abstract

This study aims to optimize a hybrid green energy system for computing center needs by integrating photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines, a desalination unit, an electrolyzer, and fuel cells (FC). Particular attention is given to the integration of thermoelectric generators (TEG) and the evaluation of different hydrogen storage options, with a focus on metal hydrides. The system utilizes excess PV power to produce green hydrogen via electrolysis, which is then used by the FC to supply energy during nighttime. The dynamic model, developed using MATLAB/Simulink, incorporates a thermal loss management and recovery process, assessing TEG integration for energy conversion. The results reveal two key findings. Firstly, metal hydrides offer superior capacity and safety compared to high-pressure storage, allowing the same quantity of hydrogen to be stored at 5 bar in a metal hydride tank versus 11 bar in a high-pressure system. Hydrogen stored during excess PV generation (370 mol) sustains FC operation for 5 h at 2400 W. Secondly, while thermal losses in the hybrid system are significant, TEGs provide only limited additional power. Overall, this study highlights the potential of hybrid energy systems based on hydrogen to enhance sustainability and efficiency for high-demand applications such as computing centers.

Suggested Citation

  • Hajji, M. & El Alem, H. & Labrim, H. & Benyoussef, A. & Benchrifa, R. & Mounkachi, O., 2025. "Dynamic modeling and analysis of PV-Wind/Fuel Cell/TEG hybrid system including metal hydride tank for hydrogen upgrading," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:324:y:2025:i:c:s036054422501641x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135999
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