IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v323y2025ics0360544225015361.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Life-cycle thermo-economic-environmental analysis of a PV-driven heat pump with and without refrigerant leakages

Author

Listed:
  • Mauro, Alfonso William
  • Passarelli, Adelso Flaviano
  • Pelella, Francesco
  • Viscito, Luca

Abstract

Achieving near-zero emissions by 2050 requires residential air-conditioning systems to integrate renewable energy sources, aligning with energy community principles. Additionally, the forthcoming F-Gas regulation will phase out fluorinated gases in domestic heat-pumps, promoting natural refrigerants like propane. However, heat pump performances may degrade up to 50 % overtime due to undetected soft faults, such as refrigerant leakage. These aspects make the optimization of future small-scale heat pumps coupled with renewables challenging, since optimal total cost and environmental impact solutions may diverge.

Suggested Citation

  • Mauro, Alfonso William & Passarelli, Adelso Flaviano & Pelella, Francesco & Viscito, Luca, 2025. "Life-cycle thermo-economic-environmental analysis of a PV-driven heat pump with and without refrigerant leakages," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:323:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225015361
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135894
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225015361
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135894?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Na & Chu, Shangling & Cheng, Chao & Zhang, Heng & Chen, Haiping & Gao, Dan, 2024. "Performance research and multi-objective optimization of concentrating photovoltaic/thermal coupled air source heat pump heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    2. Lee, Minwoo & Ham, Se Hyeon & Lee, Sewon & Kim, Jinyoung & Kim, Yongchan, 2023. "Multi-objective optimization of solar-assisted ground-source heat pumps for minimizing life-cycle cost and climate performance in heating-dominated regions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    3. Calise, Francesco & Dentice d'Accadia, Massimo & Figaj, Rafal Damian & Vanoli, Laura, 2016. "A novel solar-assisted heat pump driven by photovoltaic/thermal collectors: Dynamic simulation and thermoeconomic optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 346-366.
    4. Ryuji Kawamoto & Hideo Mochizuki & Yoshihisa Moriguchi & Takahiro Nakano & Masayuki Motohashi & Yuji Sakai & Atsushi Inaba, 2019. "Estimation of CO 2 Emissions of Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle and Battery Electric Vehicle Using LCA," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-15, May.
    5. Han, Youhua & Ma, Liangdong & Zhang, Jili & Mi, Peiyuan & Guo, Xiaochao, 2023. "Research on the adaptive proportional-integral control method of a direct-expansion photovoltaic-thermal heat pump system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    6. Choi, Hwi-Ung & Choi, Kwang-Hwan, 2023. "Numerical study on the performance of a solar-assisted heat pump coupled with a photovoltaic-thermal air heater," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    7. Tervo, Eric & Agbim, Kenechi & DeAngelis, Freddy & Hernandez, Jeffrey & Kim, Hye Kyung & Odukomaiya, Adewale, 2018. "An economic analysis of residential photovoltaic systems with lithium ion battery storage in the United States," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 1057-1066.
    8. Yoshihito Yasaka & Selim Karkour & Koichi Shobatake & Norihiro Itsubo & Fumiaki Yakushiji, 2022. "Life-Cycle Assessment of Refrigerants for Air Conditioners Considering Reclamation and Destruction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    9. Ma, Weiwu & Fang, Song & Liu, Gang, 2017. "Hybrid optimization method and seasonal operation strategy for distributed energy system integrating CCHP, photovoltaic and ground source heat pump," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1439-1455.
    10. Yıldız, Çağatay & Seçilmiş, Mustafa & Arıcı, Müslüm & Mert, Mehmet Selçuk & Nižetić, Sandro & Karabay, Hasan, 2023. "An experimental study on a solar-assisted heat pump incorporated with PCM based thermal energy storage unit," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PB).
    11. Liu, Zengkai & Liu, Yonghong & Zhang, Dawei & Cai, Baoping & Zheng, Chao, 2015. "Fault diagnosis for a solar assisted heat pump system under incomplete data and expert knowledge," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 41-48.
    12. Vallati, Andrea & Di Matteo, Miriam & Sundararajan, Mukund & Muzi, Francesco & Fiorini, Costanza Vittoria, 2024. "Development and optimization of an energy saving strategy for social housing applications by water source-heat pump integrating photovoltaic-thermal panels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    13. Wang, Fang & You, Tian & Cui, Hongzhi, 2024. "Multi-objective optimization and evaluation of the building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal-energy pile ground source heat pump system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 371(C).
    14. Wang, Yubo & Quan, Zhenhua & Zhao, Yaohua & Rosengarten, Gary & Mojiri, Ahmad, 2025. "Techno economic analysis of integrating photovoltaic-thermal systems in ground-source heat pumps for heating-dominated regions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).
    15. Lee, Minwoo & Lee, Dongchan & Park, Myeong Hyeon & Kang, Yong Tae & Kim, Yongchan, 2022. "Performance improvement of solar-assisted ground-source heat pumps with parallelly connected heat sources in heating-dominated areas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    16. Li, Peng & Cheng, Junyan & Yang, Yilin & Yin, Haipeng & Zang, Ningbo, 2024. "Research on multi-objective optimization configuration of solar ground source heat pump system using data-driven approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    17. Del Amo, Alejandro & Martínez-Gracia, Amaya & Bayod-Rújula, Angel A. & Cañada, Marta, 2019. "Performance analysis and experimental validation of a solar-assisted heat pump fed by photovoltaic-thermal collectors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 1214-1223.
    18. PELELLA, Francesco & ZSEMBINSZKI, Gabriel & VISCITO, Luca & William MAURO, Alfonso & CABEZA, Luisa F., 2023. "Thermo-economic optimization of a multi-source (air/sun/ground) residential heat pump with a water/PCM thermal storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    19. Zhang, Tianhu & Wang, Fuxi & Gao, Yi & Liu, Yuanjun & Guo, Qiang & Zhao, Qingxin, 2023. "Optimization of a solar-air source heat pump system in the high-cold and high-altitude area of China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    20. Wang, Yubo & Quan, Zhenhua & Zhao, Yaohua & Wang, Lincheng & Liu, Zichu, 2022. "Performance and optimization of a novel solar-air source heat pump building energy supply system with energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    21. Qiu, Guodong & Li, Kuangfu & Cai, Weihua & Yu, Shipeng, 2023. "Optimization of an integrated system including a photovoltaic/thermal system and a ground source heat pump system for building energy supply in cold areas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    22. Han, Changho & Kim, Jinyoung & Cho, Wonhee & Shin, Hyun Ho & Lee, Hoseong & Kim, Yongchan, 2024. "Annual performance analysis of solar-assisted raw-water source heat pumps at low water temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).
    23. Zou, Lingeng & Liu, Ye & Yu, Mengqi & Yu, Jianlin, 2023. "A review of solar assisted heat pump technology for drying applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    24. Divkovic, Denis & Knorr, Lukas & Schwesig, Ramon & Meschede, Henning, 2024. "Effects on dimensioning of heat supply technologies for district heating under consideration of future developments regarding investment costs and emission factors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    25. Kavian, Soheil & Aghanajafi, Cyrus & Jafari Mosleh, Hassan & Nazari, Arash & Nazari, Ashkan, 2020. "Exergy, economic and environmental evaluation of an optimized hybrid photovoltaic-geothermal heat pump system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    26. Song, Zhiying & Ji, Jie & Zhang, Yuzhe & Cai, Jingyong & Li, Zhaomeng & Li, Yunhai, 2023. "Mathematical and experimental investigation about the dual-source heat pump integrating low concentrated photovoltaic and finned-tube exchanger," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    27. Lee, Minwoo & Kim, Jinyoung & Shin, Hyun Ho & Cho, Wonhee & Kim, Yongchan, 2022. "CO2 emissions and energy performance analysis of ground-source and solar-assisted ground-source heat pumps using low-GWP refrigerants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    28. Xia, Lei & Ma, Zhenjun & Kokogiannakis, Georgios & Wang, Zhihua & Wang, Shugang, 2018. "A model-based design optimization strategy for ground source heat pump systems with integrated photovoltaic thermal collectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 178-190.
    29. Asgari, Nima & Hayibo, Koami Soulemane & Groza, Julia & Rana, Shafquat & Pearce, Joshua M., 2025. "Greenhouse applications of solar photovoltaic driven heat pumps in northern environments," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Francesco Pelella & Adelso Flaviano Passarelli & Belén Llopis-Mengual & Luca Viscito & Emilio Navarro-Peris & Alfonso William Mauro, 2025. "State-of-the-Art Methodologies for Self-Fault Detection, Diagnosis and Evaluation (FDDE) in Residential Heat Pumps," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-22, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Vallati, Andrea & Di Matteo, Miriam & Lo Basso, Gianluigi & Ocłoń, Paweł & Fiorini, Costanza Vittoria, 2024. "Definition of a PVT coupled water source heat pump system through optimization of individual components," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    2. Wei, Wenqi & Yue, Han & Huang, Jiguang & Zhang, Heng & Liu, Haowen & Chen, Haiping & Cheng, Chao, 2025. "Performance analysis and optimization of photovoltaic thermal coupled ground source heat pump system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 319(C).
    3. Wang, Yubo & Quan, Zhenhua & Zhao, Yaohua & Rosengarten, Gary & Mojiri, Ahmad, 2025. "Techno economic analysis of integrating photovoltaic-thermal systems in ground-source heat pumps for heating-dominated regions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).
    4. Vallati, Andrea & Di Matteo, Miriam & Sundararajan, Mukund & Muzi, Francesco & Fiorini, Costanza Vittoria, 2024. "Development and optimization of an energy saving strategy for social housing applications by water source-heat pump integrating photovoltaic-thermal panels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    5. Lee, Minwoo & Ham, Se Hyeon & Lee, Sewon & Kim, Jinyoung & Kim, Yongchan, 2023. "Multi-objective optimization of solar-assisted ground-source heat pumps for minimizing life-cycle cost and climate performance in heating-dominated regions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    6. You, Tian & Wu, Wei & Yang, Hongxing & Liu, Jiankun & Li, Xianting, 2021. "Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal and ground source heat pump: Review and perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    7. Wang, Yubo & Quan, Zhenhua & Zhao, Yaohua & Rosengarten, Gary & Mojiri, Ahmad, 2025. "Feasibility and performance of coupled air-ground source heat pump systems with thermal storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 315(C).
    8. Wu, Ding & Ma, Bo & Huang, Xiaohui & Wu, Xian & Yang, Yan & Wen, Chuang & Zhang, Ji, 2025. "Heat exchanger design and performance evaluation for a high-temperature heat pump system under different two-phase correlations: 4E analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 384(C).
    9. Yue, Naihua & Li, Lingling & Xu, Congbao, 2025. "Multi-objective optimization of a hybrid PVT assisted ground source and air source heat pump system for large space buildings using transient metamodel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    10. Xie, Yiwei & Hu, Pingfang & Li, Siyi, 2024. "Development of a doubly-fed compound control for hybrid ground source heat pump systems in hot summer and cold winter areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(PA).
    11. Afzal, Asif & Buradi, Abdulrajak & Jilte, Ravindra & Shaik, Saboor & Kaladgi, Abdul Razak & Arıcı, Muslum & Lee, Chew Tin & Nižetić, Sandro, 2023. "Optimizing the thermal performance of solar energy devices using meta-heuristic algorithms: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    12. Zhang, Beiyuan & Wang, Jianru & Li, Zhicheng & Gao, Tongtong & Zhang, Weijun & Xu, Chao & Ju, Xing, 2025. "Optimal configuration scheme for multi-hybrid energy storage system containing ground source heat pumps and hydrogen-doped gas turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    13. Naili, Nabiha & Kooli, Sami, 2021. "Solar-assisted ground source heat pump system operated in heating mode: A case study in Tunisia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    14. Zhang, Xiaofeng & Su, Junjie & Jiao, Fan & Zeng, Rong & Pan, Jinjun & He, Xu & Deng, Qiaolin & Li, Hongqiang, 2024. "Performance investigation and operation optimization of an innovative hybrid renewable energy integration system for commercial building complex and hydrogen vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    15. Li, Tao & Wang, Xing & Yu, Yingying & Fu, Qiang & Chen, Min & Xu, Chengliang & Gao, Jiajia & Li, Guannan & Mao, Qianjun, 2024. "Performance and PV benefits analysis of multi-source renewable energy systems for different types of buildings on university campus," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(PA).
    16. Wang, Fang & You, Tian & Yang, Hengxu, 2025. "Performance analysis and operation optimization of photovoltaic/thermal assisted energy-pile ground source heat pump system in cold regions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
    17. Choi, Hwi-Ung & Choi, Kwang-Hwan, 2023. "Numerical study on the performance of a solar-assisted heat pump coupled with a photovoltaic-thermal air heater," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    18. De Mel, Ishanki & Bierkens, Floris & Liu, Xinyao & Leach, Matthew & Chitnis, Mona & Liu, Lirong & Short, Michael, 2023. "A decision-support framework for residential heating decarbonisation policymaking," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    19. Allouhi, Amine, 2022. "Techno-economic and environmental accounting analyses of an innovative power-to-heat concept based on solar PV systems and a geothermal heat pump," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 649-661.
    20. Paul Christodoulides & Christakis Christou & Georgios A. Florides, 2024. "Ground Source Heat Pumps in Buildings Revisited and Prospects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-36, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:323:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225015361. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.