IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v320y2025ics0360544225009843.html

AI-optimized management of a hybrid SOFC-CAES systems with renewable integration for efficient electricity production and peak shaving

Author

Listed:
  • Zhong, Jianlan

Abstract

This article presents a cutting-edge smart energy system that combines solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) with compressed air energy storage (CAES) to improve electricity generation while shaving the peak demand with minimal carbon dioxide emission. The novel technology works with SOFCs under high pressures, substantially enhancing their efficiency compared to what can be achieved under normal atmospheric conditions. In addition to enhancing efficiency, the system intelligently incorporates wind turbines to meet the energy requirements of the CAES compressors. The strategic utilization of renewable energy enhances total power production and aligns with sustainable energy objectives, demonstrating a potential progression in intelligent energy management. An in-depth analysis assesses the feasibility of integrating this smart system, considering several factors such as thermodynamics, exergo-economic, sustainability, and the environment. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm is employed to identify an ideal design condition with the aid of an artificial neural network, guaranteeing a balanced attainment across all performance indicators. The proposed integration results in a net power, energy cost, and CO2 index of 480.6 MWh, 215.7 USD/MWh, and 460.8 kg/MWh, highlighting the value of increasing the operating pressure of SOFC through the integration of CAES and adding more wind turbines to increase renewables. The parametric assessment shows that the net power and total cost increase by 250 MWh and 4 USD/h, signifying the importance of multi-objective optimization. The scatter matrix indicates that the compressor pressure ratio is insensitive while keeping wind velocity close to the lower domain achieves the best optimal condition. The optimization achieves a higher net power of 171.8 MWh and a lower energy cost of 137.6 USD/MWh. Also, it enhances the exergy efficiency by 12.9 % and reduces the CO2 index by 57 kg/MWh when prioritizing exergo-environmental facets.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhong, Jianlan, 2025. "AI-optimized management of a hybrid SOFC-CAES systems with renewable integration for efficient electricity production and peak shaving," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:320:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225009843
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.135342
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225009843
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.135342?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Vera, David & Jurado, Francisco & Carpio, José & Kamel, Salah, 2018. "Biomass gasification coupled to an EFGT-ORC combined system to maximize the electrical energy generation: A case applied to the olive oil industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 41-53.
    2. Shayan, E. & Zare, V. & Mirzaee, I., 2019. "On the use of different gasification agents in a biomass fueled SOFC by integrated gasifier: A comparative exergo-economic evaluation and optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 1126-1138.
    3. Alirahmi, Seyed Mojtaba & Mousavi, Seyedeh Fateme & Ahmadi, Pouria & Arabkoohsar, Ahmad, 2021. "Soft computing analysis of a compressed air energy storage and SOFC system via different artificial neural network architecture and tri-objective grey wolf optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    4. Ma, Weiwu & Xue, Xinpei & Liu, Gang, 2018. "Techno-economic evaluation for hybrid renewable energy system: Application and merits," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 385-409.
    5. Milcarek, Ryan J. & Ahn, Jeongmin, 2019. "Micro-tubular flame-assisted fuel cells running methane, propane and butane: On soot, efficiency and power density," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 776-782.
    6. Ahmed, Faraedoon & Foley, Aoife & Dowds, Carole & Johnston, Barry & Al Kez, Dlzar, 2024. "Assessing the engineering, environmental and economic aspects of repowering onshore wind energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    7. Alirahmi, Seyed Mojtaba & Behzadi, Amirmohammad & Ahmadi, Pouria & Sadrizadeh, Sasan, 2023. "An innovative four-objective dragonfly-inspired optimization algorithm for an efficient, green, and cost-effective waste heat recovery from SOFC," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    8. Ghorbani, Sh. & Khoshgoftar-Manesh, M.H. & Nourpour, M. & Blanco-Marigorta, A.M., 2020. "Exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analyses of an integrated SOFC-GT-ORC hybrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    9. Alirahmi, Seyed Mojtaba & Razmi, Amir Reza & Arabkoohsar, Ahmad, 2021. "Comprehensive assessment and multi-objective optimization of a green concept based on a combination of hydrogen and compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    10. Gao, Yang & Meng, Yangyang & Dong, Guanpeng & Ma, Shaoxiu & Miao, Changhong & Xiao, Jianhua & Mao, Shuting & Shao, Lili, 2024. "The wind-solar hybrid energy could serve as a stable power source at multiple time scale in China mainland," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    11. Sadeghi, Mohsen & Chitsaz, Ata & Mahmoudi, S.M.S. & Rosen, Marc A., 2015. "Thermoeconomic optimization using an evolutionary algorithm of a trigeneration system driven by a solid oxide fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 191-204.
    12. Sadeghi, Saber & Askari, Ighball Baniasad, 2019. "Prefeasibility techno-economic assessment of a hybrid power plant with photovoltaic, fuel cell and Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 409-424.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Lu, Xinyu & Gang, Wenjie & Tu, Zhengkai, 2025. "Recent developments in control and integration of solid oxide fuel cells: From stack to system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    2. Guo, Pengyu & Fan, Jinyang & Li, Zongze & Fourmeau, Marion & Zou, Yang & Chen, Jie & Jiang, Deyi, 2025. "Exploring compressed air energy storage in abandoned flooded coal mine: Thermodynamic analysis and applicability study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Razmi, Amir Reza & Hanifi, Amir Reza & Shahbakhti, Mahdi, 2023. "Design, thermodynamic, and economic analyses of a green hydrogen storage concept based on solid oxide electrolyzer/fuel cells and heliostat solar field," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    2. Alirahmi, Seyed Meysam & Raisi, Afrasiab & Ghasemi, Behzad & Nadooshan, Afshin Ahmadi, 2023. "Comprehensive techno-economic assessment and tri-objective optimization of an innovative integration of compressed air energy storage system and solid oxide fuel cell," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    3. Alirahmi, Seyed Mojtaba & Gundersen, Truls & Arabkoohsar, Ahmad & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Sin, Gürkan & Yu, Haoshui, 2024. "Process design, integration, and optimization of a novel compressed air energy storage for the coproduction of electricity, cooling, and water," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    4. Behzadi, Amirmohammad & Holmberg, Sture & Duwig, Christophe & Haghighat, Fariborz & Ooka, Ryozo & Sadrizadeh, Sasan, 2022. "Smart design and control of thermal energy storage in low-temperature heating and high-temperature cooling systems: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    5. Liang, Wenxing & Yang, Jinwen & Han, Cong & Liu, Guangdi & Han, Jitian, 2024. "Novel CO2 capture pathway for SOFC-based distributed energy systems: Collaborative water-gas-shift membrane reactor and oxy-fuel combustion technologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    6. Su, Dawei, 2022. "Comprehensive thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analyses and multi-objective optimization of a compressed air energy storage hybridized with a parabolic trough solar collectors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PA).
    7. Alirahmi, Seyed Mojtaba & Ebrahimi-Moghadam, Amir, 2022. "Comparative study, working fluid selection, and optimal design of three systems for electricity and freshwater based on solid oxide fuel cell mover cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    8. Enayatizadeh, Hossein & Arjomand, Alireza & Tynjälä, Tero & Inkeri, Eero, 2024. "Cryogenic carbon capture design through CO2 anti-sublimation for a gas turbine exhaust: Environmental, economic, energy, and exergy analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    9. Chitgar, Nazanin & Moghimi, Mahdi, 2020. "Design and evaluation of a novel multi-generation system based on SOFC-GT for electricity, fresh water and hydrogen production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    10. Ouyang, Tiancheng & Zhang, Mingliang & Qin, Peijia & Liu, Wenjun & Shi, Xiaomin, 2022. "Converting waste into electric energy and carbon fixation through biosyngas-fueled SOFC hybrid system: A simulation study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 725-743.
    11. Takleh, H. Rostamnejad & Zare, V. & Mohammadkhani, F., 2025. "Exergy/cost-based optimization of a hybrid plant including CAES system, heliostat solar field, and biomass-fired gas turbine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 318(C).
    12. Qi, Meng & Park, Jinwoo & Lee, Inkyu & Moon, Il, 2022. "Liquid air as an emerging energy vector towards carbon neutrality: A multi-scale systems perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    13. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    14. Chih-Ta Tsai & Teketay Mulu Beza & Wei-Bin Wu & Cheng-Chien Kuo, 2019. "Optimal Configuration with Capacity Analysis of a Hybrid Renewable Energy and Storage System for an Island Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-28, December.
    15. Cheayb, Mohamad & Marin Gallego, Mylène & Tazerout, Mohand & Poncet, Sébastien, 2022. "A techno-economic analysis of small-scale trigenerative compressed air energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PA).
    16. Dib, Ghady & Haberschill, Philippe & Rullière, Romuald & Revellin, Rémi, 2021. "Modelling small-scale trigenerative advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage for building application," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    17. Chen, Hao & Wang, Huanran & Li, Ruixiong & Sun, Hao & Ge, Gangqiang & Ling, Lanning, 2022. "Experimental and analytical investigation of near-isothermal pumped hydro-compressed air energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    18. Teng, Su & Hamrang, Farzad & Ashraf Talesh, Seyed Saman, 2021. "Economic performance assessment of a novel combined power generation cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    19. Ghavami, Morteza & Gholizadeh, Mohammad & Deymi-Dashtebayaz, Mahdi, 2023. "Parametric study and optimization analysis of a multi-generation system using waste heat in natural gas refinery- an energy and exergoeconomic analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    20. Ceran, Bartosz, 2019. "The concept of use of PV/WT/FC hybrid power generation system for smoothing the energy profile of the consumer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 853-865.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:320:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225009843. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.