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Operation optimization of Combined Heat and Power microgrid in buildings consider renewable energy, electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel

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Listed:
  • Huang, Yongyi
  • Ahmed, Shoaib
  • Ueda, Soichiro
  • Liang, Xunyu
  • Howlader, Harun Or Rashid
  • Lotfy, Mohammed Elsayed
  • Senjyu, Tomonobu

Abstract

This paper introduces a forward-thinking framework that integrates renewable energy, Electric Vehicles (EVs), and hydrogen within Combined Heat and Power (CHP) microgrids (MGs) for effective building energy management. By utilizing Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to find the optimal solution and incorporating Chance-Constrained Programming (CCP) to handle uncertainties in renewable energy generation and EV loads, this framework addresses the complexities of modern energy systems. The study employs Monte Carlo (MC) to simulate the EV load profile, applies K-means clustering to categorize load and renewable generation patterns, and uses a Sigmoid function-based model for Real-Time Pricing (RTP). The combination of PSO and CCP is used to optimize the system’s operating strategy. This evaluates the system’s economic benefits and impact on carbon emissions by analyzing different scenarios, such as weekdays versus weekends and various weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, rainy). The results show that due to the high price of hydrogen, it is currently costly to replace hydrogen completely. However, this integrated approach not only improves energy efficiency and reduces carbon footprint but also ensures system reliability under uncertain conditions, contributing to broader environmental sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Huang, Yongyi & Ahmed, Shoaib & Ueda, Soichiro & Liang, Xunyu & Howlader, Harun Or Rashid & Lotfy, Mohammed Elsayed & Senjyu, Tomonobu, 2025. "Operation optimization of Combined Heat and Power microgrid in buildings consider renewable energy, electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 319(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:319:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225003329
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.134690
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yan, Rujing & Wang, Jiangjiang & Huo, Shuojie & Zhang, Jing & Tang, Saiqiu & Yang, Mei, 2023. "Comparative study for four technologies on flexibility improvement and renewable energy accommodation of combined heat and power system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    2. Omar Hazem Mohammed & Mohammed Kharrich, 2021. "An Overview of the Performance of PSO Algorithm in Renewable Energy Systems," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Burcu Adıgüzel Mercangöz (ed.), Applying Particle Swarm Optimization, edition 1, chapter 0, pages 307-320, Springer.
    3. Yongyi Huang & Hasan Masrur & Ryuto Shigenobu & Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida & Alexey Mikhaylov & Tomonobu Senjyu, 2021. "A Comparative Design of a Campus Microgrid Considering a Multi-Scenario and Multi-Objective Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-20, May.
    4. He, Hongjing & Huang, Yongyi & Nakadomari, Akito & Masrur, Hasan & Krishnan, Narayanan & Hemeida, Ashraf M. & Mikhaylov, Alexey & Senjyu, Tomonobu, 2023. "Potential and economic viability of green hydrogen production from seawater electrolysis using renewable energy in remote Japanese islands," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 1436-1447.
    5. Milan, Christian & Stadler, Michael & Cardoso, Gonçalo & Mashayekh, Salman, 2015. "Modeling of non-linear CHP efficiency curves in distributed energy systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 334-347.
    6. Yongyi Huang & Atsushi Yona & Hiroshi Takahashi & Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida & Paras Mandal & Alexey Mikhaylov & Tomonobu Senjyu & Mohammed Elsayed Lotfy, 2021. "Energy Management System Optimization of Drug Store Electric Vehicles Charging Station Operation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-14, May.
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