Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling on geothermal doublet subject to seasonal exploitation and storage

Combining the conventional high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage system with the common geothermal reservoir development system is a potential alternative to increase energy access, but effects of natural parameters like fracture aperture and reservoir permeability and development parameters like flow rate and injection temperature on the efficiency of energy exploitation and storage have seldomly been investigated. In this study, three assessment parameters and three evaluation criteria were defined to evaluate the sustainability and efficiency of deep geothermal reservoirs with seasonal energy exploitation and storage, and a robust approach of optimizing the development parameters was proposed by combining numerical reservoir model, experimental design and surrogate model, and multiple response optimization method. Based on a case study of the geothermal doublet in Tsinghua University, China, the robustness and reasonability of the developed optimization method were demonstrated. The results show that the optimal development parameters can not only maximize the total recoverable energy and effective recovery efficiency, but also satisfy the requirements of sustainably developing deep geothermal reservoirs. The recoverable heat energy can increase about 20% by adding artificial thermal storage into geothermal reservoir development. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to add energy storage into the future geothermal reservoir development system.