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Composition-considered Woschni heat transfer correlation: Findings from the analysis of over-expected engine heat losses in a solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system

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  • Choi, Wonjae
  • Song, Han Ho

Abstract

An over-expected amount of heat losses occurred in the internal combustion engine (ICE) of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)–ICE hybrid system and achieving the target efficiency of the hybrid system was seriously impeded by these heat losses. The objectives of this study are to understand the causes of these over-expected heat losses and to propose a new engine heat transfer correlation applicable to engine operation with unconventional fuels, including but not limited to SOFC anode off-gas. First, the effects of composition on the gas convection coefficient were analysed; the engine intake gas in the hybrid system was analysed to have a 1.3–1.4 times larger convention coefficient than general engine intake gas because of its unusual composition. Second, considering the effects of composition, we proposed a new engine heat transfer correlation, named ‘composition-considered Woschni’. Third, to validate this new correlation, experiments and simulations of engine operation were conducted while varying the composition of intake gas. The simulation results using the composition-considered Woschni correlation showed much better predictivity than those using the original Woschni correlation. The total root mean square values of the error rates of the main performance indices for all operating conditions decreased from 12.4% to 5.6% by applying this new correlation.

Suggested Citation

  • Choi, Wonjae & Song, Han Ho, 2020. "Composition-considered Woschni heat transfer correlation: Findings from the analysis of over-expected engine heat losses in a solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:203:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220309580
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.117851
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    1. Kang, Sanggyu & Ahn, Kook-Young, 2017. "Dynamic modeling of solid oxide fuel cell and engine hybrid system for distributed power generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1086-1099.
    2. Choi, Wonjae & Kim, Jaehyun & Kim, Yongtae & Kim, Seonyeob & Oh, Sechul & Song, Han Ho, 2018. "Experimental study of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine operation fuelled by emulated solid oxide fuel cell anode off-gas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 42-62.
    3. Damo, U.M. & Ferrari, M.L. & Turan, A. & Massardo, A.F., 2019. "Solid oxide fuel cell hybrid system: A detailed review of an environmentally clean and efficient source of energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 235-246.
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    5. Choi, Wonjae & Kim, Jaehyun & Kim, Yongtae & Song, Han Ho, 2019. "Solid oxide fuel cell operation in a solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system and the design point performance of the hybrid system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
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    6. Quach, Thai-Quyen & Giap, Van-Tien & Keun Lee, Dong & Pineda Israel, Torres & Young Ahn, Kook, 2022. "High-efficiency ammonia-fed solid oxide fuel cell systems for distributed power generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).

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