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Solid oxide fuel cell operation in a solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system and the design point performance of the hybrid system

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  • Choi, Wonjae
  • Kim, Jaehyun
  • Kim, Yongtae
  • Song, Han Ho

Abstract

A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)–internal combustion engine (ICE) hybrid system is a recently-proposed distributed electric power generation system to achieave extremely high efficiency beyond that of current technologies. The objectives of this study are to find the operation characteristics of the SOFC in the hybrid system and determine the operational design point of the hybrid system. To accomplish these objectives, operation of a 5 kW-class SOFC–ICE hybrid system was analysed by integrating the experimental results of the internal combustion engine with the simulation models of other system components. Two unique characteristics of SOFC operation were found and analysed. First, the SOFC in the hybrid system should utilize anode inlet gas with low temperature (e.g., 750–800 K) and low external reforming rate (e.g., 30–40%), which decreases the SOFC temperature, especially at the entrance, where the current density becomes very low, decreasing SOFC performance. Second, the overall effects of pressure pulsation caused by the engine on SOFC operation are insignificant since the flow path between the SOFC and the engine acts as a damper, reducing the pressure pulsation amplitude. The estimated variations were 0.2 mV in SOFC cell voltage. To determine the operational design point of the hybrid system, parametric analyses of system operation were conducted while varying several control parameters, e.g., SOFC fuel utilization factor. The design point of system operation was determined by considering system performance and operational stability. Near-zero pollutant emissions and 59.0% system efficiency were achieved at the determined design point, a 7.9% absolute and 15.5% relative improvement compared to that of an SOFC stand-alone system.

Suggested Citation

  • Choi, Wonjae & Kim, Jaehyun & Kim, Yongtae & Song, Han Ho, 2019. "Solid oxide fuel cell operation in a solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system and the design point performance of the hybrid system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:254:y:2019:i:c:s0306261919313686
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113681
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Koo, Taehyung & Kim, Young Sang & Lee, Young Duk & Yu, Sangseok & Lee, Dong Keun & Ahn, Kook Young, 2021. "Exergetic evaluation of operation results of 5-kW-class SOFC-HCCI engine hybrid power generation system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 295(C).
    3. Chehrmonavari, Hamed & Kakaee, Amirhasan & Hosseini, Seyed Ehsan & Desideri, Umberto & Tsatsaronis, George & Floerchinger, Gus & Braun, Robert & Paykani, Amin, 2023. "Hybridizing solid oxide fuel cells with internal combustion engines for power and propulsion systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
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    5. Guo, Xinru & Guo, Yumin & Wang, Jiangfeng & Meng, Xin & Deng, Bohao & Wu, Weifeng & Zhao, Pan, 2023. "Thermodynamic analysis of a novel combined heating and power system based on low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LT-SOFC) and high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    6. Montazerinejad, H. & Eicker, U., 2022. "Recent development of heat and power generation using renewable fuels: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    7. Cho, Mingyu & Kim, Yongtae & Ho Song, Han, 2022. "Solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system utilizing an internal combustion engine for anode off-gas recirculation, external reforming, and additional power generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    8. Choi, Wonjae & Song, Han Ho, 2020. "Composition-considered Woschni heat transfer correlation: Findings from the analysis of over-expected engine heat losses in a solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    9. Kim, Young Sang & Lee, Young Duk & Ahn, Kook Young, 2020. "System integration and proof-of-concept test results of SOFC–engine hybrid power generation system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).

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