IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v167y2019icp538-547.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Properties and thermal analysis of upgraded palm kernel shell and Mukah Balingian coal

Author

Listed:
  • Ahmad, Razi
  • Mohd Ishak, Mohd Azlan
  • Kasim, Nur Nasulhah
  • Ismail, Khudzir

Abstract

This study describes the effect on properties of palm kernel shell (PKS) and Mukah Balingian (MB) coal by thermal pretreatment. The PKS and MB coal were torrefied and preheated, respectively in a fixed-bed reactor at different temperatures. The pretreated samples were analysed for mass and energy yield, proximate, ultimate and functional group analysis. The thermal and kinetic studies of the upgraded materials were conducted using thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). The results showed that the properties of pretreated samples were improved with increasing heating temperature. The oxygen content and O/C ratio of upgraded samples were decreased by increasing the heating temperature. The reduction of oxygenated peak in the functional group analysis indicates that the thermal pretreatment has cleaved the oxygen and hydrogen bonding. The upgraded PKS at torrefaction temperature of 270 °C demonstrated that activation energy of 100.34 kJ/mol with the highest mean reactivity of 0.86. MB coal at preheated temperature of 250 °C showed activation energy of 122.35 kJ/mol with the highest mean reactivity of 0.063. Thus, from the analysis of upgraded samples, the torrefied PKS at 270 °C and preheated MB coal at 250 °C demonstrated a good quality feedstock to be used in thermal conversion such as in co-gasification.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmad, Razi & Mohd Ishak, Mohd Azlan & Kasim, Nur Nasulhah & Ismail, Khudzir, 2019. "Properties and thermal analysis of upgraded palm kernel shell and Mukah Balingian coal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 538-547.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:167:y:2019:i:c:p:538-547
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.018
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544218322229
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.018?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Peng, Jianghong & Bi, Xiaotao T., 2015. "A state-of-the-art review of biomass torrefaction, densification and applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 847-866.
    2. Lu, Ke-Miao & Lee, Wen-Jhy & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Lin, Ta-Chang, 2013. "Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetics of co-pyrolysis of raw/torrefied wood and coal blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 57-65.
    3. Jack P. C. Kleijnen, 2015. "Response Surface Methodology," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Michael C Fu (ed.), Handbook of Simulation Optimization, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 81-104, Springer.
    4. Bach, Quang-Vu & Tran, Khanh-Quang & Skreiberg, Øyvind, 2017. "Comparative study on the thermal degradation of dry- and wet-torrefied woods," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1051-1058.
    5. Granados, D.A. & Ruiz, R.A. & Vega, L.Y. & Chejne, F., 2017. "Study of reactivity reduction in sugarcane bagasse as consequence of a torrefaction process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 818-827.
    6. Nam, Hyungseok & Capareda, Sergio, 2015. "Experimental investigation of torrefaction of two agricultural wastes of different composition using RSM (response surface methodology)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 507-516.
    7. Jayaraman, Kandasamy & Kok, Mustafa Versan & Gokalp, Iskender, 2017. "Thermogravimetric and mass spectrometric (TG-MS) analysis and kinetics of coal-biomass blends," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 293-300.
    8. Tran, Khanh-Quang & Bach, Quang-Vu & Trinh, Thuat T. & Seisenbaeva, Gulaim, 2014. "Non-isothermal pyrolysis of torrefied stump – A comparative kinetic evaluation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 759-766.
    9. Wilk, Małgorzata & Magdziarz, Aneta & Kalemba, Izabela, 2015. "Characterisation of renewable fuels' torrefaction process with different instrumental techniques," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 259-269.
    10. Emami Taba, Leila & Irfan, Muhammad Faisal & Wan Daud, Wan Ashri Mohd & Chakrabarti, Mohammed Harun, 2012. "The effect of temperature on various parameters in coal, biomass and CO-gasification: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5584-5596.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Korshunov, Alexey & Kichatov, Boris & Melnikova, Ksenia & Gubernov, Vladimir & Yakovenko, Ivan & Kiverin, Alexey & Golubkov, Alexandr, 2019. "Pyrolysis characteristics of biomass torrefied in a quiescent mineral layer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Yu, Kai Ling & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Pillejera, Ma Katreena & Bi, Xiaotao & Tran, Khanh-Quang & Pétrissans, Anelie & Pétrissans, Mathieu, 2021. "Variation of lignocellulosic biomass structure from torrefaction: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    2. Barskov, Stan & Zappi, Mark & Buchireddy, Prashanth & Dufreche, Stephen & Guillory, John & Gang, Daniel & Hernandez, Rafael & Bajpai, Rakesh & Baudier, Jeff & Cooper, Robbyn & Sharp, Richard, 2019. "Torrefaction of biomass: A review of production methods for biocoal from cultured and waste lignocellulosic feedstocks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 624-642.
    3. Abdulyekeen, Kabir Abogunde & Umar, Ahmad Abulfathi & Patah, Muhamad Fazly Abdul & Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan, 2021. "Torrefaction of biomass: Production of enhanced solid biofuel from municipal solid waste and other types of biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    4. Singh, Rishikesh Kumar & Chakraborty, Jyoti Prasad & Sarkar, Arnab, 2020. "Optimizing the torrefaction of pigeon pea stalk (cajanus cajan) using response surface methodology (RSM) and characterization of solid, liquid and gaseous products," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 677-690.
    5. Yek, Peter Nai Yuh & Cheng, Yoke Wang & Liew, Rock Keey & Wan Mahari, Wan Adibah & Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Peng, Wanxi & Park, Young-Kwon & Sonne, Christian & Kong, Sieng Huat & Tabatabaei, 2021. "Progress in the torrefaction technology for upgrading oil palm wastes to energy-dense biochar: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    6. Huang, Shengxiong & Lei, Can & Qin, Jie & Yi, Cheng & Chen, Tao & Yao, Lingling & Li, Bo & Wen, Yujiao & Zhou, Zhi & Xia, Mao, 2022. "Properties, kinetics and pyrolysis products distribution of oxidative torrefied camellia shell in different oxygen concentration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    7. Guo, Feihong & He, Yi & Hassanpour, Ali & Gardy, Jabbar & Zhong, Zhaoping, 2020. "Thermogravimetric analysis on the co-combustion of biomass pellets with lignite and bituminous coal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    8. Xing Yang & Hailong Wang & Peter James Strong & Song Xu & Shujuan Liu & Kouping Lu & Kuichuan Sheng & Jia Guo & Lei Che & Lizhi He & Yong Sik Ok & Guodong Yuan & Ying Shen & Xin Chen, 2017. "Thermal Properties of Biochars Derived from Waste Biomass Generated by Agricultural and Forestry Sectors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-12, April.
    9. Leonel J. R. Nunes & Abel M. Rodrigues & João C. O. Matias & Ana I. Ferraz & Ana C. Rodrigues, 2021. "Production of Biochar from Vine Pruning: Waste Recovery in the Wine Industry," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-15, May.
    10. Singh, Rishikesh Kumar & Sarkar, Arnab & Chakraborty, Jyoti Prasad, 2020. "Effect of torrefaction on the physicochemical properties of eucalyptus derived biofuels: estimation of kinetic parameters and optimizing torrefaction using response surface methodology (RSM)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    11. Gouws, S.M. & Carrier, M. & Bunt, J.R. & Neomagus, H.W.J.P., 2021. "Co-pyrolysis of coal and raw/torrefied biomass: A review on chemistry, kinetics and implementation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    12. Lin, Yi-Li & Zheng, Nai-Yun & Lin, Ching-Shi, 2021. "Repurposing Washingtonia filifera petiole and Sterculia foetida follicle waste biomass for renewable energy through torrefaction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    13. Gangil, Sandip & Bhargav, Vinod Kumar, 2018. "Influence of torrefaction on intrinsic bioconstituents of cotton stalk: TG-insights," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 1066-1073.
    14. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Liu, Shih-Hsien & Juang, Tarng-Tzuen & Tsai, Chi-Ming & Zhuang, Yi-Qing, 2015. "Characterization of solid and liquid products from bamboo torrefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 829-835.
    15. Zhang, Qian & Li, Qingfeng & Zhang, Linxian & Wang, Zhiqing & Jing, Xuliang & Yu, Zhongliang & Song, Shuangshuang & Fang, Yitian, 2014. "Preliminary study on co-gasification behavior of deoiled asphalt with coal and biomass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 426-434.
    16. Kim, Seok Jun & Park, Sunyong & Oh, Kwang Cheol & Ju, Young Min & Cho, La hoon & Kim, Dae Hyun, 2021. "Development of surface torrefaction process to utilize agro-byproducts as an energy source," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).
    17. Kartal, Furkan & Özveren, Uğur, 2022. "Prediction of torrefied biomass properties from raw biomass," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 578-591.
    18. Santos, Carolina Monteiro & de Oliveira, Leandro Soares & Alves Rocha, Elém Patrícia & Franca, Adriana Silva, 2020. "Thermal conversion of defective coffee beans for energy purposes: Characterization and kinetic modeling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1275-1291.
    19. Xin, Shanzhi & Mi, Tie & Liu, Xiaoye & Huang, Fang, 2018. "Effect of torrefaction on the pyrolysis characteristics of high moisture herbaceous residues," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 586-593.
    20. Ma, Jiao & Feng, Shuo & Zhang, Zhikun & Wang, Zhuozhi & Kong, Wenwen & Yuan, Peng & Shen, Boxiong & Mu, Lan, 2022. "Effect of torrefaction pretreatment on the combustion characteristics of the biodried products derived from municipal organic wastes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PD).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:167:y:2019:i:c:p:538-547. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.