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Heat transfer behaviour of supercritical nitrogen in the large specific heat region flowing in a vertical tube

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  • Negoescu, Ciprian Constantin
  • Li, Yongliang
  • Al-Duri, Bushra
  • Ding, Yulong

Abstract

This work investigates the heat transfer behaviour of supercritical nitrogen (SCN) for the ultimate goal of optimal design of cryogenic processes/systems. To this end, a comprehensive numerical study was carried out to evaluate the heat transfer coefficient for SCN flowing in a test section under representative conditions. This paper presents the results for nitrogen flowing vertically upward in a 2 mm diameter smooth tube. CFD simulations were conducted at two supercritical pressures (3.5 and 7 MPa) for low and high mass flux at different heat to mass flux ratios (q/G). The objective is to develop reliable prediction approaches regarding the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) in the large specific heat region using the commercially available CFD software Fluent by employing the k-ε turbulence model with enhanced wall treatment. The effects of relevant parameters such as mass flux and heat flux on heat transfer performance, and the influence of operating pressure are discussed. For example, while the working pressure is close to the critical value, i.e. 3.5 MPa, the high specific heat capacity at pseudo-critical temperature produces a peak in the heat transfer coefficient trend. On the other hand, when the pressure increases to 7 MPa the heat transfer behaviour changes due to the smooth variation of thermophysical properties and as a result the HTC trend does not show a peak even at low heat flux. It is found that the heat transfer process transfers from normal mode to deterioration mode while increasing the heat flux. Fundamentally this deterioration is caused by the variation of thermo-physical properties under high mass flux conditions and by the buoyancy forces for low flow rate.

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  • Negoescu, Ciprian Constantin & Li, Yongliang & Al-Duri, Bushra & Ding, Yulong, 2017. "Heat transfer behaviour of supercritical nitrogen in the large specific heat region flowing in a vertical tube," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 1096-1106.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:134:y:2017:i:c:p:1096-1106
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.047
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sarkar, Jahar, 2015. "Review and future trends of supercritical CO2 Rankine cycle for low-grade heat conversion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 434-451.
    2. Hu, Lian & Chen, Deqi & Huang, Yanping & Li, Le & Cao, Yiding & Yuan, Dewen & Wang, Junfeng & Pan, Liangming, 2015. "Investigation on the performance of the supercritical Brayton cycle with CO2-based binary mixture as working fluid for an energy transportation system of a nuclear reactor," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 874-886.
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    1. Liu, Xinxin & Xu, Xiaoxiao & Liu, Chao & Bai, Wanjin & Dang, Chaobin, 2018. "Heat transfer deterioration in helically coiled heat exchangers in trans-critical CO2 Rankine cycles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 1-14.
    2. Kravanja, Gregor & Zajc, Gašper & Knez, Željko & Škerget, Mojca & Marčič, Simon & Knez, Maša H., 2018. "Heat transfer performance of CO2, ethane and their azeotropic mixture under supercritical conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 190-201.
    3. Yiang Li & Wenzhi Cui & Xuefeng Jiang & Longjian Li & Juanfang Liu, 2024. "Numerical Study of Thermal and Resistance Characteristics in the Vortex-Enhanced Tube," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-17, December.
    4. Qinghua Yu & Yuxiang Peng & Ciprian Constantin Negoescu & Yi Wang & Yongliang Li, 2021. "Study on Convective Heat Transfer of Supercritical Nitrogen in a Vertical Tube for Liquid Air Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-20, November.
    5. Ma, Yangfan & Liu, Dechao & Wang, Jinghan & Zeng, Min & Wang, Qiuwang & Ma, Ting, 2025. "Thermal-hydraulic performance and optimization of printed circuit heat exchangers for supercritical fluids: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    6. Joy, Jubil & Kochunni, Sarun Kumar & Chowdhury, Kanchan, 2022. "Size reduction and enhanced power generation in ORC by vaporizing LNG at high supercritical pressure irrespective of delivery pressure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    7. Wang, Yuan & Ren, Jing-Jie & Bi, Ming-Shu, 2023. "Analysis on the heat transfer performance of supercritical liquified natural gas in horizontal tubes during regasification process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    8. Yi Wang & Tiejun Lu & Xianglei Liu & Adriano Sciacovelli & Yongliang Li, 2022. "Heat Transfer of Near Pseudocritical Nitrogen in Helically Coiled Tube for Cryogenic Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-20, April.

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