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Managing operations of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) exchange stations for use with a smart grid

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  • Nurre, Sarah G.
  • Bent, Russell
  • Pan, Feng
  • Sharkey, Thomas C.

Abstract

We consider a deterministic integer programming model for determining the optimal operations of multiple plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) battery exchange stations over time. The operations include the number of batteries to charge, discharge, and exchange at each point in time over a set time horizon. We allow discharging of batteries back to the power grid, through vehicle-to-grid technology. We incorporate the exchange station's dependence on the power network, transportation network, and other exchange stations. The charging and discharging at these exchange stations lead to a greater amount of variability which creates a less predictable and flat power generation curve. We introduce and test three policies to smooth the power generation curve by balancing its load. Further, tests are conducted evaluating these policies while factoring wind energy into the power generation curve. These computational tests use realistic data and analysis of the results suggest general operating procedures for exchange stations and evaluate the effectiveness of these power flattening policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Nurre, Sarah G. & Bent, Russell & Pan, Feng & Sharkey, Thomas C., 2014. "Managing operations of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) exchange stations for use with a smart grid," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 364-377.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:67:y:2014:i:c:p:364-377
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.052
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Quddus, Md Abdul & Kabli, Mohannad & Marufuzzaman, Mohammad, 2019. "Modeling electric vehicle charging station expansion with an integration of renewable energy and Vehicle-to-Grid sources," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 251-279.
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    3. Arslan, Okan & Yıldız, Barış & Ekin Karaşan, Oya, 2014. "Impacts of battery characteristics, driver preferences and road network features on travel costs of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) for long-distance trips," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 168-178.
    4. Asadi, Amin & Nurre Pinkley, Sarah, 2021. "A stochastic scheduling, allocation, and inventory replenishment problem for battery swap stations," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    5. Shubham Mishra & Shrey Verma & Subhankar Chowdhury & Ambar Gaur & Subhashree Mohapatra & Gaurav Dwivedi & Puneet Verma, 2021. "A Comprehensive Review on Developments in Electric Vehicle Charging Station Infrastructure and Present Scenario of India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-20, February.
    6. Cui, Dingsong & Wang, Zhenpo & Liu, Peng & Wang, Shuo & Dorrell, David G. & Li, Xiaohui & Zhan, Weipeng, 2023. "Operation optimization approaches of electric vehicle battery swapping and charging station: A literature review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PE).
    7. Liang, Yanni & Cai, Hua & Zou, Guilin, 2021. "Configuration and system operation for battery swapping stations in Beijing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    8. Quddus, Md Abdul & Shahvari, Omid & Marufuzzaman, Mohammad & Usher, John M. & Jaradat, Raed, 2018. "A collaborative energy sharing optimization model among electric vehicle charging stations, commercial buildings, and power grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 841-857.
    9. Wu, Geng & Inderbitzin, Alessandro & Bening, Catharina, 2015. "Total cost of ownership of electric vehicles compared to conventional vehicles: A probabilistic analysis and projection across market segments," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 196-214.
    10. Sun, Bo & Sun, Xu & Tsang, Danny H.K. & Whitt, Ward, 2019. "Optimal battery purchasing and charging strategy at electric vehicle battery swap stations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 279(2), pages 524-539.
    11. Shafie-khah, M. & Neyestani, N. & Damavandi, M.Y. & Gil, F.A.S. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2016. "Economic and technical aspects of plug-in electric vehicles in electricity markets," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 1168-1177.
    12. Rebecca S. Widrick & Sarah G. Nurre & Matthew J. Robbins, 2018. "Optimal Policies for the Management of an Electric Vehicle Battery Swap Station," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 52(1), pages 59-79, January.
    13. Shen, Zuo-Jun Max & Feng, Bo & Mao, Chao & Ran, Lun, 2019. "Optimization models for electric vehicle service operations: A literature review," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 462-477.
    14. Aghajani, Saemeh & Kalantar, Mohsen, 2017. "Operational scheduling of electric vehicles parking lot integrated with renewable generation based on bilevel programming approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 422-432.
    15. Yang, Zhile & Li, Kang & Foley, Aoife, 2015. "Computational scheduling methods for integrating plug-in electric vehicles with power systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 396-416.

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