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A comparison of the energy and carbon implications of new systems of energy provision in new build housing in the UK

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  • Monahan, J.
  • Powell, J.C.

Abstract

The built environment needs to develop sustainable, decarbonised, low energy systems and approaches that are socially acceptable and economically beneficial. The UK mainstream house construction industry is being driven, through policy and regulation, towards achieving this end without evidence of how these new systems of provision are used by passively adopting households. In this paper energy use, consequential emissions of CO2, and annual running costs for a case study comprising 14 newly constructed low energy affordable homes are evaluated. Four different energy typologies are compared: ground sourced heat pumps; active solar (thermal and photovoltaic); passive solar and mechanical ventilation with heat recovery; conventional high efficiency gas boiler. The carbon embodied in construction and emitted over a 20 year occupation period for each typology is calculated. Ground source heat pumps have the highest annual primary energy demand, CO2 emission and annual running costs over the 20 year period. The homes with active solar technologies provided most benefit across all three evaluation criteria. Energy and CO2 emissions associated with end uses other than heating were similar to the UK average. This poses significant questions on the probability of policy application in the real world to deliver projected reductions in emissions of CO2.

Suggested Citation

  • Monahan, J. & Powell, J.C., 2011. "A comparison of the energy and carbon implications of new systems of energy provision in new build housing in the UK," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 290-298, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:39:y:2011:i:1:p:290-298
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Keirstead, James, 2008. "What changes, if any, would increased levels of low-carbon decentralised energy have on the built environment?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 4518-4521, December.
    2. Glass, Jacqueline & Dainty, Andrew R.J. & Gibb, Alistair G.F., 2008. "New build: Materials, techniques, skills and innovation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 4534-4538, December.
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    1. Bojić, Milorad & Cvetković, Dragan & Bojić, Ljubiša, 2015. "Decreasing energy use and influence to environment by radiant panel heating using different energy sources," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 404-413.
    2. Audenaert, A. & De Boeck, L. & Geudens, K. & Buyle, M., 2012. "Cost and E-level analysis of different dwelling types and different heating systems with or without heat exchanger," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 604-610.
    3. Pan, Wei & Garmston, Helen, 2012. "Building regulations in energy efficiency: Compliance in England and Wales," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 594-605.
    4. Barton, John & Huang, Sikai & Infield, David & Leach, Matthew & Ogunkunle, Damiete & Torriti, Jacopo & Thomson, Murray, 2013. "The evolution of electricity demand and the role for demand side participation, in buildings and transport," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 85-102.
    5. Arie ten Cate, 2012. "The socially optimal energy transition in a residential neighbourhood in the Netherlands," CPB Discussion Paper 222.rdf, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
    6. Audenaert, Amaryllis & De Boeck, Liesje & Geudens, K. & Buyle, M., 2011. "Cost and E-level analysis of different dwelling types and different heating systems with or without heat exchanger," Working Papers 2011/33, Hogeschool-Universiteit Brussel, Faculteit Economie en Management.
    7. Pilkington, Brian & Roach, Richard & Perkins, James, 2011. "Relative benefits of technology and occupant behaviour in moving towards a more energy efficient, sustainable housing paradigm," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(9), pages 4962-4970, September.
    8. Arie ten Cate, 2012. "The socially optimal energy transition in a residential neighbourhood in the Netherlands," CPB Discussion Paper 222, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.

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