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Tail risk premium in the crude oil market

Author

Listed:
  • Li, Bingxin
  • Li, Shenru

Abstract

Although tail events are infrequent, their potential impacts on financial risk management are significant. This paper examines the differentiation between the tail risk premium (TRP) and the variance risk premium (VRP) in the crude oil market, exploring their respective predictive power for crude oil futures returns at different horizons. Empirical results reveal that, while TRP’s magnitude is considerably smaller than VRP’s, its predictive power is more significant and informative. Specifically, short-maturity (long-maturity) TRP negatively (positively) predicts one-month-ahead futures returns, even after incorporating well-known predictors in the commodity market, such as the basis and momentum. The negative predictability of short-maturity TRP reverses to positive when we extend the forecast horizon to two months ahead. Using various trading strategies, we confirm that models incorporating TRP outperform those without it, yielding higher account balances, Sharpe ratios, and Omega ratios.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Bingxin & Li, Shenru, 2025. "Tail risk premium in the crude oil market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:144:y:2025:i:c:s0140988325001057
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108282
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Crude oil; Futures; Options; Risk premium; Predictability;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • Q31 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices

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