IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ejores/v311y2023i3p1040-1056.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Risk budgeting portfolios from simulations

Author

Listed:
  • da Costa, B. Freitas Paulo
  • Pesenti, Silvana M.
  • Targino, Rodrigo S.

Abstract

Risk budgeting is a portfolio strategy where each asset contributes a prespecified amount to the aggregate risk of the portfolio. In this work, we propose an efficient numerical framework that uses only simulations of returns for estimating risk budgeting portfolios. Besides a general cutting planes algorithm for determining the weights of risk budgeting portfolios for arbitrary coherent distortion risk measures, we provide a specialised version for the Expected Shortfall, and a tailored Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithm, also for the Expected Shortfall. We compare our algorithm to standard convex optimisation solvers and illustrate different risk budgeting portfolios, constructed using an especially designed Julia package, on real financial data and compare it to classical portfolio strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • da Costa, B. Freitas Paulo & Pesenti, Silvana M. & Targino, Rodrigo S., 2023. "Risk budgeting portfolios from simulations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 311(3), pages 1040-1056.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:311:y:2023:i:3:p:1040-1056
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2023.06.003
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221723004277
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ejor.2023.06.003?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Darinka Dentcheva & Spiridon Penev & Andrzej Ruszczyński, 2010. "Kusuoka representation of higher order dual risk measures," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 181(1), pages 325-335, December.
    2. PAVLO A. Krokhmal, 2007. "Higher moment coherent risk measures," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(4), pages 373-387.
    3. Griveau-Billion, Théophile & Richard, Jean-Charles & Roncalli, Thierry, 2013. "A Fast Algorithm for Computing High-dimensional Risk Parity Portfolios," MPRA Paper 49822, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. repec:dau:papers:123456789/4688 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Ledoit, Olivier & Wolf, Michael, 2017. "Numerical implementation of the QuEST function," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 199-223.
    6. Roncalli, Thierry, 2013. "Introduction to Risk Parity and Budgeting," MPRA Paper 47679, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Peter F. Christoffersen & Francis X. Diebold & Til Schuermann, 1998. "Horizon problems and extreme events in financial risk management," Economic Policy Review, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, vol. 4(Oct), pages 109-118.
    8. Grechuk, Bogdan, 2023. "Extended gradient of convex function and capital allocation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 305(1), pages 429-437.
    9. Bellini, Fabio & Cesarone, Francesco & Colombo, Christian & Tardella, Fabio, 2021. "Risk parity with expectiles," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 291(3), pages 1149-1163.
    10. L. Jeff Hong & Guangwu Liu, 2009. "Simulating Sensitivities of Conditional Value at Risk," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 55(2), pages 281-293, February.
    11. Andreas Tsanakas & Pietro Millossovich, 2016. "Sensitivity Analysis Using Risk Measures," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(1), pages 30-48, January.
    12. Francesco Cesarone & Fabio Tardella, 2017. "Equal Risk Bounding is better than Risk Parity for portfolio selection," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 68(2), pages 439-461, June.
    13. Glosten, Lawrence R & Jagannathan, Ravi & Runkle, David E, 1993. "On the Relation between the Expected Value and the Volatility of the Nominal Excess Return on Stocks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(5), pages 1779-1801, December.
    14. Brendan O’Donoghue & Eric Chu & Neal Parikh & Stephen Boyd, 2016. "Conic Optimization via Operator Splitting and Homogeneous Self-Dual Embedding," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 169(3), pages 1042-1068, June.
    15. Engle, Robert, 2002. "Dynamic Conditional Correlation: A Simple Class of Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity Models," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(3), pages 339-350, July.
    16. Bollerslev, Tim, 1986. "Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 307-327, April.
    17. Anis, Hassan T. & Kwon, Roy H., 2022. "Cardinality-constrained risk parity portfolios," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 302(1), pages 392-402.
    18. Harry Markowitz, 1952. "Portfolio Selection," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 7(1), pages 77-91, March.
    19. Tsanakas, Andreas, 2009. "To split or not to split: Capital allocation with convex risk measures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 268-277, April.
    20. Xi Bai & Katya Scheinberg & Reha Tutuncu, 2016. "Least-squares approach to risk parity in portfolio selection," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 357-376, March.
    21. Philippe Artzner & Freddy Delbaen & Jean‐Marc Eber & David Heath, 1999. "Coherent Measures of Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(3), pages 203-228, July.
    22. Helmut Mausser & Oleksandr Romanko, 2018. "Long-only equal risk contribution portfolios for CVaR under discrete distributions," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(11), pages 1927-1945, November.
    23. A. Ahmadi-Javid, 2012. "Entropic Value-at-Risk: A New Coherent Risk Measure," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 155(3), pages 1105-1123, December.
    24. Xiaoyue Li & A. Sinem Uysal & John M. Mulvey, 2021. "Multi-Period Portfolio Optimization using Model Predictive Control with Mean-Variance and Risk Parity Frameworks," Papers 2103.10813, arXiv.org.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bernardo Freitas Paulo da Costa & Silvana M. Pesenti & Rodrigo S. Targino, 2023. "Risk Budgeting Portfolios from Simulations," Papers 2302.01196, arXiv.org.
    2. Gilles Boevi Koumou, 2020. "Diversification and portfolio theory: a review," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 34(3), pages 267-312, September.
    3. E. Ramos-P'erez & P. J. Alonso-Gonz'alez & J. J. N'u~nez-Vel'azquez, 2020. "Forecasting volatility with a stacked model based on a hybridized Artificial Neural Network," Papers 2006.16383, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2020.
    4. Vladimir Rankovic & Mikica Drenovak & Branko Uroševic & Ranko Jelic, 2016. "Mean Univariate-GARCH VaR Portfolio Optimization: Actual Portfolio Approach," CESifo Working Paper Series 5731, CESifo.
    5. Lakshina, Valeriya, 2020. "Do portfolio investors need to consider the asymmetry of returns on the Russian stock market?," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 21(C).
    6. Marcelo Brutti Righi & Paulo Sergio Ceretta, 2015. "Shortfall Deviation Risk: An alternative to risk measurement," Papers 1501.02007, arXiv.org, revised May 2016.
    7. Caldeira, João F & Moura, Guilherme Valle & Santos, André Alves Portela, 2013. "Seleção de carteiras utilizando o modelo Fama-French-Carhart," Revista Brasileira de Economia - RBE, EPGE Brazilian School of Economics and Finance - FGV EPGE (Brazil), vol. 67(1), April.
    8. Abdul Hakim & Michael McAleer, 2010. "Modelling the interactions across international stock, bond and foreign exchange markets," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(7), pages 825-850.
    9. Mauro Bernardi & Leopoldo Catania, 2015. "Switching-GAS Copula Models With Application to Systemic Risk," Papers 1504.03733, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2016.
    10. Virbickaitė, Audronė & Ausín, M. Concepción & Galeano, Pedro, 2016. "A Bayesian non-parametric approach to asymmetric dynamic conditional correlation model with application to portfolio selection," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 814-829.
    11. Darinka Dentcheva & Spiridon Penev & Andrzej Ruszczyński, 2017. "Statistical estimation of composite risk functionals and risk optimization problems," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 69(4), pages 737-760, August.
    12. Andersen, Torben G. & Bollerslev, Tim & Christoffersen, Peter F. & Diebold, Francis X., 2013. "Financial Risk Measurement for Financial Risk Management," Handbook of the Economics of Finance, in: G.M. Constantinides & M. Harris & R. M. Stulz (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Finance, volume 2, chapter 0, pages 1127-1220, Elsevier.
    13. Petropoulos, Fotios & Apiletti, Daniele & Assimakopoulos, Vassilios & Babai, Mohamed Zied & Barrow, Devon K. & Ben Taieb, Souhaib & Bergmeir, Christoph & Bessa, Ricardo J. & Bijak, Jakub & Boylan, Joh, 2022. "Forecasting: theory and practice," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 705-871.
      • Fotios Petropoulos & Daniele Apiletti & Vassilios Assimakopoulos & Mohamed Zied Babai & Devon K. Barrow & Souhaib Ben Taieb & Christoph Bergmeir & Ricardo J. Bessa & Jakub Bijak & John E. Boylan & Jet, 2020. "Forecasting: theory and practice," Papers 2012.03854, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2022.
    14. Vincenzo Candila, 2013. "A Comparison of the Forecasting Performances of Multivariate Volatility Models," Working Papers 3_228, Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Statistiche, Università degli Studi di Salerno.
    15. Francesco Cesarone & Rosella Giacometti & Manuel Luis Martino & Fabio Tardella, 2023. "A return-diversification approach to portfolio selection," Papers 2312.09707, arXiv.org.
    16. Ricca, Federica & Scozzari, Andrea, 2024. "Portfolio optimization through a network approach: Network assortative mixing and portfolio diversification," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 312(2), pages 700-717.
    17. Асатуров К.Г., 2015. "Динамические Модели Систематического Риска: Сравнение На Примере Индийского Фондового Рынка," Журнал Экономика и математические методы (ЭММ), Центральный Экономико-Математический Институт (ЦЭМИ), vol. 51(4), pages 59-75, октябрь.
    18. Pichler, Alois & Schlotter, Ruben, 2020. "Entropy based risk measures," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 285(1), pages 223-236.
    19. Sclip, Alex & Dreassi, Alberto & Miani, Stefano & Paltrinieri, Andrea, 2016. "Dynamic correlations and volatility linkages between stocks and sukuk: Evidence from international markets," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 34-44.
    20. Henning Fischer & Ángela Blanco‐FERNÁndez & Peter Winker, 2016. "Predicting Stock Return Volatility: Can We Benefit from Regression Models for Return Intervals?," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(2), pages 113-146, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:311:y:2023:i:3:p:1040-1056. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/eor .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.