IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v397y2025ics0306261925010141.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Multi-objective optimization framework for strategic placement of electric vehicle charging stations and shunt capacitors in a distribution network considering traffic flow

Author

Listed:
  • Kumar, B.Vinod
  • M.A., Aneesa Farhan

Abstract

This study aims to develop a comprehensive multi-objective planning framework for the optimal placement of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS) and Shunt Capacitors (SCs) in the distribution network (DN) while accounting for transportation network (TN) constraints. The integration of EVCS into DN, though essential for promoting electric vehicle (EV) adoption, can result in voltage deviations and power losses. To address these challenges, a Traffic Flow Capturing model is employed to maximize EV traffic flow and minimize active power loss (APL) and voltage deviation (VD). A novel hybrid metaheuristic algorithm (HGPC), combining Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Cuckoo Search Optimization (CO), is proposed to solve the multi-objective problem. The framework is validated on a 33-node DN and 25-node TN across three planning scenarios: DN-focused, TN-focused, and integrated TN-DN. In the DN-focused scenario, the objective is to minimize power loss, whereas in the TN-focused scenario, the goal is to maximize EV flow. In the integrated planning case, with battery constraints, the model achieves 155.05 kW APL and 41.54 % EV flow; without constraints, it improves to 148.14 kW APL and 57.52 % EV flow. These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed HGPC algorithm, suggesting greater flexibility in handling conflicting multi-objective functions and highlighting the benefits of integrated planning for sustainable EV infrastructure.

Suggested Citation

  • Kumar, B.Vinod & M.A., Aneesa Farhan, 2025. "Multi-objective optimization framework for strategic placement of electric vehicle charging stations and shunt capacitors in a distribution network considering traffic flow," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 397(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:397:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925010141
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126284
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261925010141
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126284?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kumar, B. Vinod & M.A., Aneesa Farhan, 2024. "Optimal allocation of EV charging station and capacitors considering reliability using a hybrid optimization approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 375(C).
    2. Kong, Weiwei & Luo, Yugong & Feng, Guixuan & Li, Keqiang & Peng, Huei, 2019. "Optimal location planning method of fast charging station for electric vehicles considering operators, drivers, vehicles, traffic flow and power grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    3. Chen, Zhibin & He, Fang & Yin, Yafeng, 2016. "Optimal deployment of charging lanes for electric vehicles in transportation networks," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 344-365.
    4. Vivalt, Eva & Coville, Aidan, 2023. "How do policymakers update their beliefs?," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    5. Cavadas, Joana & Homem de Almeida Correia, Gonçalo & Gouveia, João, 2015. "A MIP model for locating slow-charging stations for electric vehicles in urban areas accounting for driver tours," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 188-201.
    6. Bhatt, Brijesh & Singh, Anoop, 2020. "Stakeholders’ role in distribution loss reduction technology adoption in the Indian electricity sector: An actor-oriented approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    7. Kuby, Michael & Lim, Seow, 2005. "The flow-refueling location problem for alternative-fuel vehicles," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 125-145, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shen, Zuo-Jun Max & Feng, Bo & Mao, Chao & Ran, Lun, 2019. "Optimization models for electric vehicle service operations: A literature review," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 462-477.
    2. Chengxiang Zhuge & Chunfu Shao, 2018. "Agent-Based Modelling of Locating Public Transport Facilities for Conventional and Electric Vehicles," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 18(4), pages 875-908, December.
    3. Golsefidi, Atefeh Hemmati & Hipolito, F. & Pereira, Francisco Câmara & Samaranayake, Samitha, 2025. "Incremental expansion of large scale fixed and mobile charging infrastructure in stochastic environments: A novel graph-based Benders decomposition approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 380(C).
    4. Shafqat Jawad & Junyong Liu, 2020. "Electrical Vehicle Charging Services Planning and Operation with Interdependent Power Networks and Transportation Networks: A Review of the Current Scenario and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-24, July.
    5. Liu, Haoxiang & Wang, David Z.W., 2017. "Locating multiple types of charging facilities for battery electric vehicles," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 30-55.
    6. Park, Hyunwoo & Lee, Chungmok, 2024. "An exact algorithm for maximum electric vehicle flow coverage problem with heterogeneous chargers, nonlinear charging time and route deviations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 315(3), pages 926-951.
    7. Yi, Zonggen & Bauer, Peter H., 2016. "Optimization models for placement of an energy-aware electric vehicle charging infrastructure," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 227-244.
    8. Yudai Honma & Daisuke Hasegawa & Katsuhiro Hata & Takashi Oguchi, 2024. "Locational Analysis of In-motion Wireless Power Transfer System for Long-distance Trips by Electric Vehicles: Optimal Locations and Economic Rationality in Japanese Expressway Network," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 261-290, March.
    9. Schiffer, Maximilian & Walther, Grit, 2017. "The electric location routing problem with time windows and partial recharging," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 260(3), pages 995-1013.
    10. El Mehdi Er Raqabi & Wenkai Li, 2022. "An Electric Vehicle Migration Framework," Working Papers EMS_2022_03, Research Institute, International University of Japan.
    11. Schwerdfeger, Stefan & Bock, Stefan & Boysen, Nils & Briskorn, Dirk, 2022. "Optimizing the electrification of roads with charge-while-drive technology," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 299(3), pages 1111-1127.
    12. Van Can Nguyen & Chi-Tai Wang & Ying-Jiun Hsieh, 2021. "Electrification of Highway Transportation with Solar and Wind Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-28, May.
    13. Metais, M.O. & Jouini, O. & Perez, Y. & Berrada, J. & Suomalainen, E., 2022. "Too much or not enough? Planning electric vehicle charging infrastructure: A review of modeling options," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    14. Cen, Xuekai & Lo, Hong K. & Li, Lu & Lee, Enoch, 2018. "Modeling electric vehicles adoption for urban commute trips," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 117(PA), pages 431-454.
    15. Liu, Haoxiang & Zou, Yuncheng & Chen, Ya & Long, Jiancheng, 2021. "Optimal locations and electricity prices for dynamic wireless charging links of electric vehicles for sustainable transportation," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    16. Yang, Woosuk, 2018. "A user-choice model for locating congested fast charging stations," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 189-213.
    17. Shaohua Cui & Hui Zhao & Cuiping Zhang, 2018. "Multiple Types of Plug-In Charging Facilities’ Location-Routing Problem with Time Windows for Mobile Charging Vehicles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-26, August.
    18. Lee, Chungmok & Han, Jinil, 2017. "Benders-and-Price approach for electric vehicle charging station location problem under probabilistic travel range," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 130-152.
    19. Hong Gao & Kai Liu & Xinchao Peng & Cheng Li, 2020. "Optimal Location of Fast Charging Stations for Mixed Traffic of Electric Vehicles and Gasoline Vehicles Subject to Elastic Demands," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-16, April.
    20. Shaohua Cui & Hui Zhao & Cuiping Zhang, 2018. "Locating Charging Stations of Various Sizes with Different Numbers of Chargers for Battery Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-22, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:397:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925010141. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.