IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v323y2022ics0306261922008777.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Study of internal performance of commercial-size fuel cell stack with 3D multi-physical model and high resolution current mapping

Author

Listed:
  • Yin, Cong
  • Cao, Jishen
  • Tang, Qilin
  • Su, Yanghuai
  • Wang, Renkang
  • Li, Kai
  • Tang, Hao

Abstract

The inhomogeneous spatial reaction distributions over the large-scale active area of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack are critical to the system energy efficiency and lifetime for the automotive applications. In this work, a commercial-size fuel cell stack of 406 cm2 active area is designed with asymmetric reactants flow fields for fuel cell vehicles. To understand the internal performance of the fuel cell, a segmented device with 396 segments is well designed based on the multi-layered printed circuit board technology for high resolution current mapping of the presented stack. Validated by the segmented fuel cell measurements, a 3D multi-physical large-scale model is developed to analyze the detailed distributions of current density, water content and temperature inside the fuel cell stack under different operating conditions. In the counter-flow operation of hydrogen and air, the lowest current density consistently locates around anode inlet while the mid portion of the active area near cathode inlet performs the best. Increasing the air stoichiometric ratio significantly improves the uniformity of current density distribution and the overall performance. The local flow field structures of Cross-flow configurations apparently enhance the in-plane temperature uniformity than the Parallel-flow ones. With the combination of current mapping and coupled modeling, both the distribution trends and local details of internal performance could be analyzed comprehensively to bridge the gap between the stack design and energy efficiency performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Yin, Cong & Cao, Jishen & Tang, Qilin & Su, Yanghuai & Wang, Renkang & Li, Kai & Tang, Hao, 2022. "Study of internal performance of commercial-size fuel cell stack with 3D multi-physical model and high resolution current mapping," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:323:y:2022:i:c:s0306261922008777
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119567
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261922008777
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119567?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gong, Chengyuan & Xing, Lu & Liang, Cong & Tu, Zhengkai, 2022. "Modeling and dynamic characteristic simulation of air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack for unmanned aerial vehicle," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 1094-1104.
    2. Komini Babu, S. & Spernjak, D. & Dillet, J. & Lamibrac, A. & Maranzana, G. & Didierjean, S. & Lottin, O. & Borup, R.L. & Mukundan, R., 2019. "Spatially resolved degradation during startup and shutdown in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    3. Liu, Dengcheng & Lin, Rui & Feng, Bowen & Han, Lihang & Zhang, Yu & Ni, Meng & Wu, Sai, 2019. "Localised electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells using Print circuit board based interference-free system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    4. Yin, Cong & Gao, Yan & Li, Ting & Xie, Guangyou & Li, Kai & Tang, Hao, 2020. "Study of internal multi-parameter distributions of proton exchange membrane fuel cell with segmented cell device and coupled three-dimensional model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 650-662.
    5. Zhang, Guobin & Yuan, Hao & Wang, Yun & Jiao, Kui, 2019. "Three-dimensional simulation of a new cooling strategy for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack using a non-isothermal multiphase model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    6. Wang, Yun & Chen, Ken S. & Mishler, Jeffrey & Cho, Sung Chan & Adroher, Xavier Cordobes, 2011. "A review of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Technology, applications, and needs on fundamental research," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 981-1007, April.
    7. Zhao, Junjie & Tu, Zhengkai & Chan, Siew Hwa, 2022. "In-situ measurement of humidity distribution and its effect on the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PD).
    8. Miao, Tianwei & Tongsh, Chasen & Wang, Jianan & Cheng, Peng & Liang, Jinqiao & Wang, Zixuan & Chen, Wenmiao & Zhang, Chao & Xi, Fuqiang & Du, Qing & Wang, Bowen & Bai, Fuqiang & Jiao, Kui, 2022. "Current density and temperature distribution measurement and homogeneity analysis for a large-area proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PA).
    9. Pérez, Luis C. & Brandão, Lúcia & Sousa, José M. & Mendes, Adélio, 2011. "Segmented polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells--A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 169-185, January.
    10. Yin, Cong & Gao, Jianlong & Wen, Xuhui & Xie, Guangyou & Yang, Chunhua & Fang, Honglin & Tang, Hao, 2016. "In situ investigation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance with novel segmented cell design and a two-phase flow model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1071-1089.
    11. Meng, Kai & Chen, Ben & Zhou, Haoran & Shen, Jun & Shen, Zuguo & Tu, Zhengkai, 2022. "Investigation on degradation mechanism of hydrogen–oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell under current cyclic loading," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    12. Chen, Xi & Yang, Chen & Sun, Yun & Liu, Qinxiao & Wan, Zhongmin & Kong, Xiangzhong & Tu, Zhengkai & Wang, Xiaodong, 2022. "Water management and structure optimization study of nickel metal foam as flow distributors in proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    13. Garcia-Sanchez, D. & Morawietz, T. & da Rocha, P. Gama & Hiesgen, R. & Gazdzicki, P. & Friedrich, K.A., 2020. "Local impact of load cycling on degradation in polymer electrolyte fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    14. Yin, Cong & Song, Yating & Liu, Meiru & Gao, Yan & Li, Kai & Qiao, Zemin & Tang, Hao, 2022. "Investigation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack with inversely phased wavy flow field design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhiming Zhang & Sai Wu & Kunpeng Li & Jiaming Zhou & Caizhi Zhang & Guofeng Wang & Tong Zhang, 2022. "An Effective Force-Temperature-Humidity Coupled Modeling for PEMFC Performance Parameter Matching by Using CFD and FEA Co-Simulation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-18, November.
    2. Zhou, Yu & Chen, Ben & Meng, Kai & Zhou, Haoran & Chen, Wenshang & Zhang, Ning & Deng, Qihao & Yang, Guanghua & Tu, Zhengkai, 2023. "Optimal design of a cathode flow field for performance enhancement of PEM fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).
    3. Ding, Feng & Zou, Tingting & Wei, Tao & Chen, Lei & Qin, Xiaoping & Shao, Zhigang & Yang, Jianjun, 2023. "The pinhole effect on proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) current density distribution and temperature distribution," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
    4. Rahmani, Ebrahim & Moradi, Tofigh & Ghandehariun, Samane & Naterer, Greg F. & Ranjbar, Amirhossein, 2023. "Enhanced mass transfer and water discharge in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a raccoon channel flow field," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    5. Xinjie Xu & Kai Li & Zhenjie Liao & Jishen Cao & Renkang Wang, 2022. "A Closed-Loop Water Management Methodology for PEM Fuel Cell System Based on Impedance Information Feedback," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-16, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ding, Feng & Zou, Tingting & Wei, Tao & Chen, Lei & Qin, Xiaoping & Shao, Zhigang & Yang, Jianjun, 2023. "The pinhole effect on proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) current density distribution and temperature distribution," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
    2. Liu, Zhao & Chen, Huicui & Zhang, Tong, 2022. "Review on system mitigation strategies for start-stop degradation of automotive proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    3. Yin, Cong & Gao, Yan & Li, Ting & Xie, Guangyou & Li, Kai & Tang, Hao, 2020. "Study of internal multi-parameter distributions of proton exchange membrane fuel cell with segmented cell device and coupled three-dimensional model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 650-662.
    4. Yin, Cong & Yang, Haiyu & Liu, Yu & Wen, Xuhui & Xie, Guangyou & Wang, Renkang & Tang, Hao, 2023. "Numerical and experimental investigations on internal humidifying designs for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    5. Zhou, Kehan & Liu, Zhiwei & Zhang, Xin & Liu, Hang & Meng, Nan & Huang, Jianmei & Qi, Mingjing & Song, Xizhen & Yan, Xiaojun, 2022. "A kW-level integrated propulsion system for UAV powered by PEMFC with inclined cathode flow structure design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    6. Maximilian Schmitz & Matthias Bahr & Sönke Gößling & Stefan Pischinger, 2023. "Analysis of Ice Formation during Start-Up of PEM Fuel Cells at Subzero Temperatures Using Experimental and Simulative Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-26, September.
    7. Yin, Cong & Song, Yating & Liu, Meiru & Gao, Yan & Li, Kai & Qiao, Zemin & Tang, Hao, 2022. "Investigation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack with inversely phased wavy flow field design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    8. Zuo, Jian & Lv, Hong & Zhou, Daming & Xue, Qiong & Jin, Liming & Zhou, Wei & Yang, Daijun & Zhang, Cunman, 2021. "Deep learning based prognostic framework towards proton exchange membrane fuel cell for automotive application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    9. Xu, Jiamin & Zhang, Caizhi & Wan, Zhongmin & Chen, Xi & Chan, Siew Hwa & Tu, Zhengkai, 2022. "Progress and perspectives of integrated thermal management systems in PEM fuel cell vehicles: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    10. Chen, Qin & Zhang, Guobin & Zhang, Xuzhong & Sun, Cheng & Jiao, Kui & Wang, Yun, 2021. "Thermal management of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: A review of cooling methods, material properties, and durability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    11. Kim, Young Sang & Kim, Dong Kyu & Ahn, Kook Young & Kim, Min Soo, 2020. "Real-time analysis of dry start-up characteristics of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell with water storage process under pressurized condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    12. Fan, Lixin & Tu, Zhengkai & Chan, Siew Hwa, 2022. "Technological and Engineering design of a megawatt proton exchange membrane fuel cell system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    13. Sutharssan, Thamo & Montalvao, Diogo & Chen, Yong Kang & Wang, Wen-Chung & Pisac, Claudia & Elemara, Hakim, 2017. "A review on prognostics and health monitoring of proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 440-450.
    14. Wang, Junye, 2017. "System integration, durability and reliability of fuel cells: Challenges and solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 460-479.
    15. Huang, Ruike & Peng, Yiqiang & Yang, Jibin & Xu, Xiaohui & Deng, Pengyi, 2022. "Correlation analysis and prediction of PEM fuel cell voltage during start-stop operation based on real-world driving data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    16. Chu, Tiankuo & Xie, Meng & Yu, Yue & Wang, Baoyun & Yang, Daijun & Li, Bing & Ming, Pingwen & Zhang, Cunman, 2022. "Experimental study of the influence of dynamic load cycle and operating parameters on the durability of PEMFC," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PD).
    17. Zhao, Junjie & Tu, Zhengkai & Chan, Siew Hwa, 2022. "In-situ measurement of humidity distribution and its effect on the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PD).
    18. Yin, Cong & Gao, Jianlong & Wen, Xuhui & Xie, Guangyou & Yang, Chunhua & Fang, Honglin & Tang, Hao, 2016. "In situ investigation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance with novel segmented cell design and a two-phase flow model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1071-1089.
    19. Wan, Zhongmin & Yan, Hanzhang & Sun, Yun & Yang, Chen & Chen, Xi & Kong, Xiangzhong & Chen, Yiyu & Tu, Zhengkai & Wang, Xiaodong, 2023. "Thermal management improvement of air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell by using metal foam flow field," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    20. Tiancai Ma & Jiajun Kang & Weikang Lin & Xinru Xu & Yanbo Yang, 2022. "Highly Integrated Online Multi-Channel Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Measurement Device for Fuel Cell Stack," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:323:y:2022:i:c:s0306261922008777. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.