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Dynamic event-triggered robust secondary frequency control for islanded AC microgrid

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  • Yang, Chao
  • Yao, Wei
  • Fang, Jiakun
  • Ai, Xiaomeng
  • Chen, Zhe
  • Wen, Jinyu
  • He, Haibo

Abstract

The permeability of renewable energy sources rapidly increases in the microgrid for economic and environmental concerns. However, the uncertainty of renewable energy may lead to frequency fluctuation or even instability in the microgrid. This paper proposes a dynamic event-triggered robust secondary frequency control scheme for the islanded microgrid to handle the uncertainty of the renewable energy source. In addition to the enhancement of frequency stability, the communication burden is also considered in this work. The proposed dynamic event-triggered communication scheme provides a good balance between dynamic performance and communication burden. Based on the discontinuous Lyapunov function, the stability analysis helps the optimal gain selecting. Given the designed controller, the derived theorems in this paper can help to examine whether the communication system fulfills the requirements from the controllers. To validate the proposed method, case studies are carried out based on two typical microgrids. The simulation results are compared with conventional frequency controllers. It shows that the proposed controller outperforms other types of controllers in term of the frequency response performance and communication burden.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Chao & Yao, Wei & Fang, Jiakun & Ai, Xiaomeng & Chen, Zhe & Wen, Jinyu & He, Haibo, 2019. "Dynamic event-triggered robust secondary frequency control for islanded AC microgrid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 821-836.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:242:y:2019:i:c:p:821-836
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.139
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    Cited by:

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    2. Rambaboo Singh & Ramesh Kumar & Utkarsh Raj & Ravi Shankar, 2025. "Robust Load Frequency Control in Cyber-Vulnerable Smart Grids with Renewable Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-21, May.
    3. Miao Zhang & Keyu Zhuang & Tong Zhao & Xianli Chen & Jingze Xue & Zheng Qiao & Shuai Cui & Yunlong Gao, 2022. "Bus Voltage Control of Photovoltaic Grid Connected Inverter Based on Adaptive Linear Active Disturbance Rejection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-20, July.
    4. Wang, Xiaobo & Huang, Wentao & Li, Ran & Tai, Nengling & Zong, Ming, 2023. "Frequency-based demand side response considering the discontinuity of the ToU tariff," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    5. Su, Jinshuo & Zhang, Hongcai & Liu, Hui & Liu, Dundun, 2025. "Lyapunov-based distributed secondary frequency and voltage control for distributed energy resources in islanded microgrids with expected dynamic performance improvement," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).
    6. Shangguan, Xing-Chen & He, Yong & Zhang, Chuan-Ke & Jiang, Lin & Wu, Min, 2022. "Load frequency control of time-delayed power system based on event-triggered communication scheme," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    7. Boyang Huang & Yong Xiao & Xin Jin & Junhao Feng & Xin Li & Li Ding, 2022. "A Novel Dynamic Event-Triggered Mechanism for Distributed Secondary Control in Islanded AC Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-12, September.
    8. Dawei Chen & Zhijie Zeng & Ye Tian & Chenyu Wang & Jun Xiao & Xiaoqing Lin, 2025. "Fully Distributed Consensus Voltage Restoration Control Based on Dynamic Event-Triggered Mechanisms for Offshore Wind Power Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-19, March.

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