IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v233-234y2019ip659-673.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A benchmark city-level carbon dioxide emission inventory for China in 2005

Author

Listed:
  • Cai, Bofeng
  • Lu, Jun
  • Wang, Jinnan
  • Dong, Huijuan
  • Liu, Xiaoman
  • Chen, Yang
  • Chen, Zhanming
  • Cong, Jianhui
  • Cui, Zhipeng
  • Dai, Chunyan
  • Fang, Kai
  • Feng, Tong
  • Guo, Jie
  • Li, Fen
  • Meng, Fanxin
  • Tang, Wei
  • Wang, Gengzhe
  • Xie, Yunsheng
  • Zhang, Jianjun

Abstract

Year 2005 is important because it is the base year for the international carbon reduction commitment and national development plans for China. However, accurate and robust CO2 emission data for 2005 remain limited, particularly for city-level emissions. To address these gaps, we established a uniform city-level CO2 emission inventory for all the 287 prefecture-level cities in China for 2005, combining the High-Resolution Emission Gridded Database (CHRED) 2.0, statistical data and onsite survey. The results showed that Shanghai, Tangshan, Beijing, Tianjin, Jining, Handan, Chongqing, Suzhou, Shijiazhuang and Wuhan were the ten cities with greatest CO2 emissions in 2005, with total CO2 emissions of 205, 184, 145, 126, 116, 103, 96, 93, 90 and 81 Mt, respectively. These cities were either megacities or those dominated by coal, iron or steel production. However, the three cities with the highest CO2 emissions per GDP and CO2 emissions per capita were Jiayuguan, Wuhai and Shizuishan, which were dominated by industry, small- or medium-sized, and exhibited a high demand for heat and cooling. Cluster analysis revealed that industrial energy consumption was the dominant emission source for most cities, except Haikou and Lhasa, for which indirect CO2 emissions were dominant. This study will greatly contribute to the city level CO2 emission inventory and research on China.

Suggested Citation

  • Cai, Bofeng & Lu, Jun & Wang, Jinnan & Dong, Huijuan & Liu, Xiaoman & Chen, Yang & Chen, Zhanming & Cong, Jianhui & Cui, Zhipeng & Dai, Chunyan & Fang, Kai & Feng, Tong & Guo, Jie & Li, Fen & Meng, Fa, 2019. "A benchmark city-level carbon dioxide emission inventory for China in 2005," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 659-673.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:233-234:y:2019:i::p:659-673
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.10.016
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261918315733
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.10.016?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tan, Xianchun & Dong, Lele & Chen, Dexue & Gu, Baihe & Zeng, Yuan, 2016. "China’s regional CO2 emissions reduction potential: A study of Chongqing city," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1345-1354.
    2. Mi, Zhifu & Zhang, Yunkun & Guan, Dabo & Shan, Yuli & Liu, Zhu & Cong, Ronggang & Yuan, Xiao-Chen & Wei, Yi-Ming, 2016. "Consumption-based emission accounting for Chinese cities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1073-1081.
    3. Wang, Shaojian & Liu, Xiaoping, 2017. "China’s city-level energy-related CO2 emissions: Spatiotemporal patterns and driving forces," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 204-214.
    4. Li, Jia Shuo & Zhou, H.W. & Meng, Jing & Yang, Q. & Chen, B. & Zhang, Y.Y., 2018. "Carbon emissions and their drivers for a typical urban economy from multiple perspectives: A case analysis for Beijing city," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 1076-1086.
    5. Li, Li & Chen, Changhong & Xie, Shichen & Huang, Cheng & Cheng, Zhen & Wang, Hongli & Wang, Yangjun & Huang, Haiying & Lu, Jun & Dhakal, Shobhakar, 2010. "Energy demand and carbon emissions under different development scenarios for Shanghai, China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(9), pages 4797-4807, September.
    6. Dong, Huijuan & Geng, Yong & Xi, Fengming & Fujita, Tsuyoshi, 2013. "Carbon footprint evaluation at industrial park level: A hybrid life cycle assessment approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 298-307.
    7. Lorraine Sugar & Christopher Kennedy & Edward Leman, 2012. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Chinese Cities," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 16(4), pages 552-563, August.
    8. Fang, Chuanglin & Wang, Shaojian & Li, Guangdong, 2015. "Changing urban forms and carbon dioxide emissions in China: A case study of 30 provincial capital cities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 519-531.
    9. Feng, Y.Y. & Chen, S.Q. & Zhang, L.X., 2013. "System dynamics modeling for urban energy consumption and CO2 emissions: A case study of Beijing, China," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 44-52.
    10. Bi, Jun & Zhang, Rongrong & Wang, Haikun & Liu, Miaomiao & Wu, Yi, 2011. "The benchmarks of carbon emissions and policy implications for China's cities: Case of Nanjing," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(9), pages 4785-4794, September.
    11. Shao, Shuai & Yang, Lili & Yu, Mingbo & Yu, Mingliang, 2011. "Estimation, characteristics, and determinants of energy-related industrial CO2 emissions in Shanghai (China), 1994-2009," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(10), pages 6476-6494, October.
    12. Shao, Shuai & Yang, Lili & Gan, Chunhui & Cao, Jianhua & Geng, Yong & Guan, Dabo, 2016. "Using an extended LMDI model to explore techno-economic drivers of energy-related industrial CO2 emission changes: A case study for Shanghai (China)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 516-536.
    13. Zhao, Min & Tan, Lirong & Zhang, Weiguo & Ji, Minhe & Liu, Yuan & Yu, Lizhong, 2010. "Decomposing the influencing factors of industrial carbon emissions in Shanghai using the LMDI method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 2505-2510.
    14. Dhakal, Shobhakar, 2009. "Urban energy use and carbon emissions from cities in China and policy implications," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(11), pages 4208-4219, November.
    15. Liu, Zhu & Liang, Sai & Geng, Yong & Xue, Bing & Xi, Fengming & Pan, Ying & Zhang, Tianzhu & Fujita, Tsuyoshi, 2012. "Features, trajectories and driving forces for energy-related GHG emissions from Chinese mega cites: The case of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 245-254.
    16. Wang, Shaojian & Liu, Xiaoping & Zhou, Chunshan & Hu, Jincan & Ou, Jinpei, 2017. "Examining the impacts of socioeconomic factors, urban form, and transportation networks on CO2 emissions in China’s megacities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P1), pages 189-200.
    17. Anu Ramaswami & Kangkang Tong & Andrew Fang & Raj M. Lal & Ajay Singh Nagpure & Yang Li & Huajun Yu & Daqian Jiang & Armistead G. Russell & Lei Shi & Marian Chertow & Yangjun Wang & Shuxiao Wang, 2017. "Urban cross-sector actions for carbon mitigation with local health co-benefits in China," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 7(10), pages 736-742, October.
    18. Dong, Huijuan & Geng, Yong & Fujita, Tsuyoshi & Jacques, David A., 2014. "Three accounts for regional carbon emissions from both fossil energy consumption and industrial process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 276-283.
    19. Hu, Yi & Yin, Zhifeng & Ma, Jian & Du, Wencui & Liu, Danhe & Sun, Luxi, 2017. "Determinants of GHG emissions for a municipal economy: Structural decomposition analysis of Chongqing," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 162-169.
    20. Shan, Yuli & Liu, Jianghua & Liu, Zhu & Xu, Xinwanghao & Shao, Shuai & Wang, Peng & Guan, Dabo, 2016. "New provincial CO2 emission inventories in China based on apparent energy consumption data and updated emission factors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 742-750.
    21. Lin, Jianyi & Liu, Yuan & Meng, Fanxin & Cui, Shenghui & Xu, Lilai, 2013. "Using hybrid method to evaluate carbon footprint of Xiamen City, China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 220-227.
    22. Wang, Hongsheng & Wang, Yunxia & Wang, Haikun & Liu, Miaomiao & Zhang, Yanxia & Zhang, Rongrong & Yang, Jie & Bi, Jun, 2014. "Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from China's cities: Case study of Suzhou," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 482-489.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Shaoqing & Long, Huihui & Chen, Bin & Feng, Kuishuang & Hubacek, Klaus, 2020. "Urban carbon footprints across scale: Important considerations for choosing system boundaries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    2. Sun, Lu & Liu, Wenjing & Li, Zhaoling & Cai, Bofeng & Fujii, Minoru & Luo, Xiao & Chen, Wei & Geng, Yong & Fujita, Tsuyoshi & Le, Yiping, 2021. "Spatial and structural characteristics of CO2 emissions in East Asian megacities and its indication for low-carbon city development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    3. Chen, Han & Chen, Wenying, 2019. "Potential impacts of coal substitution policy on regional air pollutants and carbon emission reductions for China's building sector during the 13th Five-Year Plan period," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 281-294.
    4. Cai, Bofeng & Cui, Can & Zhang, Da & Cao, Libin & Wu, Pengcheng & Pang, Lingyun & Zhang, Jihong & Dai, Chunyan, 2019. "China city-level greenhouse gas emissions inventory in 2015 and uncertainty analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    5. Tao, Yu & Tao, Qin & Sun, Xiao & Qiu, Jiangxiao & Pueppke, Steven G. & Ou, Weixin & Guo, Jie & Qi, Jiaguo, 2022. "Mapping ecosystem service supply and demand dynamics under rapid urban expansion: A case study in the Yangtze River Delta of China," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    6. Xue, Ruoyu & Wang, Shanshan & Long, Wenqi & Gao, Gengyu & Liu, Donghui & Zhang, Ruiqin, 2021. "Uncovering GHG emission characteristics of industrial parks in Central China via emission inventory and cluster analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    7. Tang, Zhaopei & Wang, Liehui & Wu, Wei, 2023. "The impact of high-speed rail on urban carbon emissions: Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    8. Cheng, Shulei & Fan, Wei & Zhang, Jian & Wang, Ning & Meng, Fanxin & Liu, Gengyuan, 2021. "Multi-sectoral determinants of carbon emission inequality in Chinese clustering cities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Xiaoyu & Duan, Zhiyuan & Shan, Yuli & Duan, Haiyan & Wang, Shuo & Song, Junnian & Wang, Xian'en, 2019. "Low-carbon developments in Northeast China: Evidence from cities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 1019-1033.
    2. Chen, Qianli & Cai, Bofeng & Dhakal, Shobhakar & Pei, Sha & Liu, Chunlan & Shi, Xiaoping & Hu, Fangfang, 2017. "CO2 emission data for Chinese cities," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 198-208.
    3. Changjian Wang & Fei Wang & Gengzhi Huang & Yang Wang & Xinlin Zhang & Yuyao Ye & Xiaojie Lin & Zhongwu Zhang, 2021. "Examining the Dynamics and Determinants of Energy Consumption in China’s Megacity Based on Industrial and Residential Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-21, January.
    4. Wang, Chen & Engels, Anita & Wang, Zhaohua, 2018. "Overview of research on China's transition to low-carbon development: The role of cities, technologies, industries and the energy system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 1350-1364.
    5. Junbo Wang & Liu Chen & Lu Chen & Xiaohui Zhao & Minxi Wang & Yiyi Ju & Li Xin, 2019. "City-Level Features of Energy Footprints and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Sichuan Province of China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-14, May.
    6. Li, Jia Shuo & Zhou, H.W. & Meng, Jing & Yang, Q. & Chen, B. & Zhang, Y.Y., 2018. "Carbon emissions and their drivers for a typical urban economy from multiple perspectives: A case analysis for Beijing city," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 1076-1086.
    7. Cai, Bofeng & Cui, Can & Zhang, Da & Cao, Libin & Wu, Pengcheng & Pang, Lingyun & Zhang, Jihong & Dai, Chunyan, 2019. "China city-level greenhouse gas emissions inventory in 2015 and uncertainty analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    8. Wang, Saige & Chen, Bin, 2018. "Three-Tier carbon accounting model for cities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 163-175.
    9. Zhou, Ya & Shan, Yuli & Liu, Guosheng & Guan, Dabo, 2018. "Emissions and low-carbon development in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area cities and their surroundings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1683-1692.
    10. Sun, Lu & Liu, Wenjing & Li, Zhaoling & Cai, Bofeng & Fujii, Minoru & Luo, Xiao & Chen, Wei & Geng, Yong & Fujita, Tsuyoshi & Le, Yiping, 2021. "Spatial and structural characteristics of CO2 emissions in East Asian megacities and its indication for low-carbon city development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    11. Xuecheng Wang & Xu Tang & Zhenhua Feng & Yi Zhang, 2019. "Characterizing the Embodied Carbon Emissions Flows and Ecological Relationships among Four Chinese Megacities and Other Provinces," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-19, May.
    12. Changlong Sun & Yongli Zhang & Wenwen Ma & Rong Wu & Shaojian Wang, 2022. "The Impacts of Urban Form on Carbon Emissions: A Comprehensive Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, August.
    13. Jianghua Liu & Mengxu Li & Yitao Ding, 2021. "Econometric analysis of the impact of the urban population size on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(12), pages 18186-18203, December.
    14. Liu, Xiaoping & Ou, Jinpei & Chen, Yimin & Wang, Shaojian & Li, Xia & Jiao, Limin & Liu, Yaolin, 2019. "Scenario simulation of urban energy-related CO2 emissions by coupling the socioeconomic factors and spatial structures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(C), pages 1163-1178.
    15. Li, Li & Shan, Yuli & Lei, Yalin & Wu, Sanmang & Yu, Xiang & Lin, Xiyan & Chen, Yupei, 2019. "Decoupling of economic growth and emissions in China’s cities: A case study of the Central Plains urban agglomeration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(C), pages 36-45.
    16. Mi, Zhifu & Zhang, Yunkun & Guan, Dabo & Shan, Yuli & Liu, Zhu & Cong, Ronggang & Yuan, Xiao-Chen & Wei, Yi-Ming, 2016. "Consumption-based emission accounting for Chinese cities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 1073-1081.
    17. Zhang, Wei & Li, Ke & Zhou, Dequn & Zhang, Wenrui & Gao, Hui, 2016. "Decomposition of intensity of energy-related CO2 emission in Chinese provinces using the LMDI method," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 369-381.
    18. Wang, Shaojian & Wang, Jieyu & Zhou, Yuquan, 2018. "Estimating the effects of socioeconomic structure on CO2 emissions in China using an econometric analysis framework," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 18-27.
    19. Wang, Shaojian & Shi, Chenyi & Fang, Chuanglin & Feng, Kuishuang, 2019. "Examining the spatial variations of determinants of energy-related CO2 emissions in China at the city level using Geographically Weighted Regression Model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 95-105.
    20. Li, Zhihui & Deng, Xiangzheng & Peng, Lu, 2020. "Uncovering trajectories and impact factors of CO2 emissions: A sectoral and spatially disaggregated revisit in Beijing," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:233-234:y:2019:i::p:659-673. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.