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Catalytic upgrading of sugarcane bagasse pyrolysis vapours over rare earth metal (Ce) loaded HZSM-5: Effect of catalyst to biomass ratio on the organic compounds in pyrolysis oil

Author

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  • Balasundram, Vekes
  • Ibrahim, Norazana
  • Kasmani, Rafiziana Md.
  • Isha, Ruzinah
  • Hamid, Mohd. Kamaruddin Abd.
  • Hasbullah, Hasrinah
  • Ali, Roshafima Rasit

Abstract

The main objective of the current work is to investigate the influence of catalyst to biomass ratio (by weight%) on the catalytic upgrading of sugarcane bagasse derived pyrolysis vapours over cerium (Ce) loaded Hydrogen exchanged Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (HZSM-5) catalyst via in-situ fixed bed reactor. The temperature of pyrolysis was kept at 500 °C for all investigated samples. The HZSM-5 catalyst was used as a support with 1 wt% of Ce as promoter loaded via incipient wetness impregnation method. The biomass sample was fixed at 2 g, while the catalyst mass loading was loaded according to the catalyst to biomass ratio which are 0.5:1.0, 1.0:1.0, 1.5:1.0, and 2.0:1.0. For comparison, the non-catalytic and biomass catalytic over HZSM-5 catalyst was also pyrolyzed at the same operating conditions. The results show that the yields of pyrolysis oil and coke were significantly influenced by the use of Ce/HZSM-5 catalyst at various catalyst to biomass ratio than the catalytic pyrolysis over HZSM-5, in which generate higher pyrolysis oil yield (58.0–68.0 wt%) and lower coke yield (2.9–4.1%). The increasing loading of mass in Ce/HZSM-5 catalyst has additional effect with respect to C6–C8 hydrocarbon contents in pyrolysis oil than the catalytic samples over the HZSM-5 catalyst. Among the tested catalyst to biomass ratio, the catalyst to biomass ratio of 1.5:1 has demonstrated to be the potential candidates in the catalytic upgrading of sugarcane bagasse derived oxygenated pyrolysis vapours into higher content of C6–C8 hydrocarbons (2.45%) in pyrolysis oil with lower coke yield (3.2%) over Ce/HZSM-5 catalyst. The bi-functional Ce/HZSM-5 catalyst was more effective in suppressing the coke formation in comparison to HZSM-5 catalyst at all investigated catalyst to biomass ratios and this was attributed to the synergistic effect of Ce on HZSM-5 support.

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  • Balasundram, Vekes & Ibrahim, Norazana & Kasmani, Rafiziana Md. & Isha, Ruzinah & Hamid, Mohd. Kamaruddin Abd. & Hasbullah, Hasrinah & Ali, Roshafima Rasit, 2018. "Catalytic upgrading of sugarcane bagasse pyrolysis vapours over rare earth metal (Ce) loaded HZSM-5: Effect of catalyst to biomass ratio on the organic compounds in pyrolysis oil," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 787-799.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:220:y:2018:i:c:p:787-799
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.141
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    3. Caio Campos Ferreira & Lucas Pinto Bernar & Augusto Fernando de Freitas Costa & Haroldo Jorge da Silva Ribeiro & Marcelo Costa Santos & Nathalia Lobato Moraes & Yasmin Santos Costa & Ana Cláudia Fonse, 2022. "Improving Fuel Properties and Hydrocarbon Content from Residual Fat Pyrolysis Vapors over Activated Red Mud Pellets in Two-Stage Reactor: Optimization of Reaction Time and Catalyst Content," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-33, August.
    4. Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Farooq, Abid & Gan, Yong Yang & Lee, Keat Teong & Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu, 2019. "Catalytic thermochemical conversion of biomass for biofuel production: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1-1.
    5. Bhoi, P.R. & Ouedraogo, A.S. & Soloiu, V. & Quirino, R., 2020. "Recent advances on catalysts for improving hydrocarbon compounds in bio-oil of biomass catalytic pyrolysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    6. Hassan, H. & Hameed, B.H. & Lim, J.K., 2020. "Co-pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and waste high-density polyethylene: Synergistic effect and product distributions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).

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