IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v160y2015icp633-640.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigation on the esterification by using supercritical ethanol for bio-oil upgrading

Author

Listed:
  • Zhang, Qing
  • Xu, Ying
  • Li, Yuping
  • Wang, Tiejun
  • Zhang, Qi
  • Ma, Longlong
  • He, Minghong
  • Li, Kai

Abstract

Current global resources of fossil fuels are gradually depleting and the energy crisis induces increasing concerns on the research of new effective substitution of these fossil fuels by renewable energy, especially bio-fuels from biomass such as bio-oils. However, bio-oils, generally originated from the pyrolysis of biomass, contain a great deal of carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and these acids can easily decrease the stability and the quality of oil. Meanwhile, these acids are highly corrosive to reaction equipments. Bio-oil could be upgraded before its utilization in the feedstocks of fuels and chemicals. In this work, the removing of these carboxylic acids was investigated by esterification in supercritical ethanol. The effects of reaction temperature, the ratio of ethanol to bio-oil, and reaction time on the conversion of acids were studied as well as the addition of external acid such as H2SO4, H3PO4 or zeolite. The results showed that carboxylic acids in crude bio-oil easily esterified with ethanol in the supercritical system. More ethyl acetate was formed at higher volume ratio of ethanol to bio-oil and 100% of the selectivity was achieved at the volume ratio of 5:1 after 2h reaction, whereas more side reactions were present in lower or higher ratio of ethanol to bio-oil. The addition of external acid decreased distinctly the formation of esters, indicating that these carboxylic acids could be effectively removed under the acidic system arising from the internal ionization of ethanol. These would be very useful in the upgrading of bio-oil into high quality fuels in the future biorefinery.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Qing & Xu, Ying & Li, Yuping & Wang, Tiejun & Zhang, Qi & Ma, Longlong & He, Minghong & Li, Kai, 2015. "Investigation on the esterification by using supercritical ethanol for bio-oil upgrading," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 633-640.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:160:y:2015:i:c:p:633-640
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.12.063
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261914013208
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.12.063?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lehto, Jani & Oasmaa, Anja & Solantausta, Yrjö & Kytö, Matti & Chiaramonti, David, 2014. "Review of fuel oil quality and combustion of fast pyrolysis bio-oils from lignocellulosic biomass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 178-190.
    2. Guo, Xiujuan & Wang, Shurong & Guo, Zuogang & Liu, Qian & Luo, Zhongyang & Cen, Kefa, 2010. "Pyrolysis characteristics of bio-oil fractions separated by molecular distillation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(9), pages 2892-2898, September.
    3. Hu, Xun & Lievens, Caroline & Mourant, Daniel & Wang, Yi & Wu, Liping & Gunawan, Richard & Song, Yao & Li, Chun-Zhu, 2013. "Investigation of deactivation mechanisms of a solid acid catalyst during esterification of the bio-oils from mallee biomass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 94-103.
    4. Xu, Ying & Wang, Tiejun & Ma, Longlong & Zhang, Qi & Liang, Wei, 2010. "Upgrading of the liquid fuel from fast pyrolysis of biomass over MoNi/[gamma]-Al2O3 catalysts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(9), pages 2886-2891, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Liu, Fang-Jing & Gasem, Khaled A.M. & Tang, Mingchen & Xu, Bang & Huang, Zaixing & Zhang, Riguang & Fan, Maohong, 2020. "Enhanced liquid tar production as fuels/chemicals from Powder River Basin coal through CaO catalyzed stepwise degradation in eco-friendly supercritical CO2/ethanol," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    2. Shafaghat, Hoda & Kim, Ji Man & Lee, In-Gu & Jae, Jungho & Jung, Sang-Chul & Park, Young-Kwon, 2019. "Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of crude bio-oil in supercritical methanol using supported nickel catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 159-166.
    3. Liu, Fang-Jing & Liu, Guang-Hui & Gasem, Khaled A.M. & Xu, Bang & Goroncy, Alexander & Tang, Ming-Chen & Huang, Zai-Xing & Fan, Maohong & Wei, Xian-Yong, 2020. "Green and efficient two-step degradation approach for converting Powder River Basin coal into fuels/chemicals and insights into their chemical compositions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    4. Prajitno, Hermawan & Insyani, Rizki & Park, Jongkeun & Ryu, Changkook & Kim, Jaehoon, 2016. "Non-catalytic upgrading of fast pyrolysis bio-oil in supercritical ethanol and combustion behavior of the upgraded oil," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 12-22.
    5. Remón, J. & Arcelus-Arrillaga, P. & García, L. & Arauzo, J., 2018. "Simultaneous production of gaseous and liquid biofuels from the synergetic co-valorisation of bio-oil and crude glycerol in supercritical water," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 2275-2287.
    6. Feng, Junfeng & Yang, Zhongzhi & Hse, Chung-yun & Su, Qiuli & Wang, Kui & Jiang, Jianchun & Xu, Junming, 2017. "In situ catalytic hydrogenation of model compounds and biomass-derived phenolic compounds for bio-oil upgrading," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 140-148.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ma, Wenchao & Liu, Bin & Zhang, Ruixue & Gu, Tianbao & Ji, Xiang & Zhong, Lei & Chen, Guanyi & Ma, Longlong & Cheng, Zhanjun & Li, Xiangping, 2018. "Co-upgrading of raw bio-oil with kitchen waste oil through fluid catalytic cracking (FCC)," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 233-240.
    2. Hu, Xun & Gholizadeh, Mortaza, 2020. "Progress of the applications of bio-oil," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    3. Zhang, Le & Liu, Ronghou & Yin, Renzhan & Mei, Yuanfei, 2013. "Upgrading of bio-oil from biomass fast pyrolysis in China: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 66-72.
    4. Byun, Jaewon & Han, Jeehoon, 2016. "Process synthesis and analysis for catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fuels: Separate conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose using 2-sec-butylphenol (SBP) solvent," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 483-490.
    5. Zhang, Qing & Wang, Tiejun & Li, Bing & Jiang, Ting & Ma, Longlong & Zhang, Xinghua & Liu, Qiying, 2012. "Aqueous phase reforming of sorbitol to bio-gasoline over Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 509-513.
    6. Xiong, Zhe & Syed-Hassan, Syed Shatir A. & Hu, Xun & Guo, Junhao & Qiu, Jihua & Zhao, Xingyu & Su, Sheng & Hu, Song & Wang, Yi & Xiang, Jun, 2019. "Pyrolysis of the aromatic-poor and aromatic-rich fractions of bio-oil: Characterization of coke structure and elucidation of coke formation mechanism," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 981-990.
    7. Lee, Seokhwan & Woo, Sang Hee & Kim, Yongrae & Choi, Young & Kang, Kernyong, 2020. "Combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel-powered generator running with N-butanol/coffee ground pyrolysis oil/diesel blended fuel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    8. Chen, Cheng & Volpe, Roberto & Jiang, Xi, 2021. "A molecular investigation on lignin thermochemical conversion and carbonaceous organics deposition induced catalyst deactivation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    9. Zhang, Xing & Wang, Kaige & Chen, Junhao & Zhu, Lingjun & Wang, Shurong, 2020. "Mild hydrogenation of bio-oil and its derived phenolic monomers over Pt–Ni bimetal-based catalysts," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    10. Andrew N. Amenaghawon & Chinedu L. Anyalewechi & Charity O. Okieimen & Heri Septya Kusuma, 2021. "Biomass pyrolysis technologies for value-added products: a state-of-the-art review," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(10), pages 14324-14378, October.
    11. Radoslaw Slezak & Hilal Unyay & Szymon Szufa & Stanislaw Ledakowicz, 2023. "An Extensive Review and Comparison of Modern Biomass Reactors Torrefaction vs. Biomass Pyrolizers—Part 2," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-25, February.
    12. Perkins, Greg & Bhaskar, Thallada & Konarova, Muxina, 2018. "Process development status of fast pyrolysis technologies for the manufacture of renewable transport fuels from biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 292-315.
    13. Yichen Liu & James J. Leahy & Jacek Grams & Witold Kwapinski, 2019. "Hydro-Pyrolysis and Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass and Its Hydroxy Residue Fast Pyrolysis Vapors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-18, September.
    14. Farhad Beik & Leon Williams & Tim Brown & Stuart T. Wagland, 2021. "Managing Non-Sewered Human Waste Using Thermochemical Waste Treatment Technologies: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-22, November.
    15. Feng, Junfeng & Hse, Chung-yun & Wang, Kui & Yang, Zhongzhi & Jiang, Jianchun & Xu, Junming, 2017. "Directional liquefaction of biomass for phenolic compounds and in situ hydrodeoxygenation upgrading of phenolics using bifunctional catalysts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 1-13.
    16. Kurji, H. & Valera-Medina, A. & Runyon, J. & Giles, A. & Pugh, D. & Marsh, R. & Cerone, N. & Zimbardi, F. & Valerio, V., 2016. "Combustion characteristics of biodiesel saturated with pyrolysis oil for power generation in gas turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 443-451.
    17. Yue, Xia & Chen, Dezhen & Luo, Jia & Xin, Qianfan & Huang, Zhen, 2020. "Upgrading of reed pyrolysis oil by using its biochar-based catalytic esterification and the influence of reed sources," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    18. Syed-Hassan, Syed Shatir A. & Wang, Yi & Hu, Song & Su, Sheng & Xiang, Jun, 2017. "Thermochemical processing of sewage sludge to energy and fuel: Fundamentals, challenges and considerations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 888-913.
    19. Atadashi, I.M. & Aroua, M.K. & Aziz, A.R. Abdul & Sulaiman, N.M.N., 2011. "Refining technologies for the purification of crude biodiesel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4239-4251.
    20. Pettersson, Malin & Olofsson, Johanna & Börjesson, Pål & Björnsson, Lovisa, 2022. "Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions through innovative co-production of bio-oil in combined heat and power plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:160:y:2015:i:c:p:633-640. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.