IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v106y2013icp328-336.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigation of selective catalytic reduction for control of nitrogen oxides in full-scale dairy energy production

Author

Listed:
  • Camarillo, Mary Kay
  • Stringfellow, William T.
  • Hanlon, Jeremy S.
  • Watson, Kyle A.

Abstract

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) was used to reduce exhaust gas nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the emissions of a 710kW combined heat and power system fueled by dairy biogas. Exhaust gas NOx was reduced from 63.1±31.9 to 14.2±17.5ppmvd@15% O2 such that emissions were 0.33±0.40gkW−1h−1, based on data averaged over 15min intervals. Online exhaust gas sensors with integrated process control algorithms were effective in improving NOx removal by automated control of urea, the ammonia source used for catalysis of NOx reduction reactions. Pre-SCR NOx was most strongly correlated with equivalence ratio (R2=0.39), indicative of the air–fuel ratio. A concave relationship between NOx production and thermal conversion efficiency was not observed since lean-burn operation of the engine was consistent and only altered under low engine load. Following installation of pre- and post-SCR NOx sensors, average daily exhaust gas NOx reduction in the SCR was 82.6±8.5%. Post-SCR NOx emissions were typically impacted by pre-SCR NOx (R2=0.36), suggesting that altered operation of the anaerobic digesters or modifications to the engine would be effective in reducing NOx emissions as well as urea demand. After nearly three years of operation, the SCR catalyst remains in service without requiring replacement. Average daily urea demand was 31.8±16.3Ld−1 for the system that produced 369±136kW of electricity. During the second year of observation the regulatory limit of 0.804gkW−1h−1 was met 94% of the time while the regulatory target of 0.201gkW−1h−1 was only met 45% of the time, based on data averaged over 15min intervals. These results provide guidance for dairy energy projects in locations with stringent NOx emissions standards.

Suggested Citation

  • Camarillo, Mary Kay & Stringfellow, William T. & Hanlon, Jeremy S. & Watson, Kyle A., 2013. "Investigation of selective catalytic reduction for control of nitrogen oxides in full-scale dairy energy production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 328-336.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:106:y:2013:i:c:p:328-336
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.066
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261913000779
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.066?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rasi, S. & Veijanen, A. & Rintala, J., 2007. "Trace compounds of biogas from different biogas production plants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(8), pages 1375-1380.
    2. Kay Camarillo, Mary & Stringfellow, William T. & Jue, Michael B. & Hanlon, Jeremy S., 2012. "Economic sustainability of a biomass energy project located at a dairy in California, USA," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 790-798.
    3. Hixson, Mark & Mahmud, Abdullah & Hu, Jianlin & Bai, Song & Niemeier, Debbie A. & Handy, Susan L & Gao, Shengyi & Lund, Jay R & Sullivan, Dana C & Kleeman, M J, 2010. "Influence of Regional Development Policies and Clean Technology Adoption on Future Air Pollution Exposure," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt64p3m31g, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Muñoz, Emilio & Marín, Pablo & Díez, Fernando V. & Ordóñez, Salvador, 2015. "Selective catalytic reduction of NO in a reverse-flow reactor: Modelling and experimental validation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 183-192.
    2. Jianzhong, Liu & Ruikun, Wang & Jianfei, Xi & Junhu, Zhou & Kefa, Cen, 2014. "Pilot-scale investigation on slurrying, combustion, and slagging characteristics of coal slurry fuel prepared using industrial wasteliquid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 309-319.
    3. Shen, Xiuli & Huang, Guangqun & Yang, Zengling & Han, Lujia, 2015. "Compositional characteristics and energy potential of Chinese animal manure by type and as a whole," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 108-119.
    4. Jiang, Jibing & Li, Dinggen, 2016. "Theoretical analysis and experimental confirmation of exhaust temperature control for diesel vehicle NOx emissions reduction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 232-244.
    5. Lee, Sunyoup & Park, Seunghyun & Kim, Changgi & Kim, Young-Min & Kim, Yongrae & Park, Cheolwoong, 2014. "Comparative study on EGR and lean burn strategies employed in an SI engine fueled by low calorific gas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 10-16.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Scholz, Marco & Melin, Thomas & Wessling, Matthias, 2013. "Transforming biogas into biomethane using membrane technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 199-212.
    2. Tong Zhang & Chaofan Chen, 2018. "The Effect of Public Participation on Environmental Governance in China–Based on the Analysis of Pollutants Emissions Employing a Provincial Quantification," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-20, July.
    3. Piotr Bórawski & Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska & Zuzana Kapsdorferová & Tomasz Rokicki & Andrzej Parzonko & Lisa Holden, 2024. "Perspectives of Electricity Production from Biogas in the European Union," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-26, March.
    4. Krzysztof Gaska & Agnieszka Generowicz & Anna Gronba-Chyła & Józef Ciuła & Iwona Wiewiórska & Paweł Kwaśnicki & Marcin Mala & Krzysztof Chyła, 2023. "Artificial Intelligence Methods for Analysis and Optimization of CHP Cogeneration Units Based on Landfill Biogas as a Progress in Improving Energy Efficiency and Limiting Climate Change," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-19, July.
    5. Yankun Sun & Wanzhen Liu & Xinzhong Wang & Haiyan Yang & Jun Liu, 2020. "Enhanced Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide from Simulated Biogas on PEI/MEA-Functionalized Silica," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-12, February.
    6. Bharathiraja, B. & Chakravarthy, M. & Ranjith Kumar, R. & Yogendran, D. & Yuvaraj, D. & Jayamuthunagai, J. & Praveen Kumar, R. & Palani, S., 2015. "Aquatic biomass (algae) as a future feed stock for bio-refineries: A review on cultivation, processing and products," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 634-653.
    7. Mulka, Rafał & Szulczewski, Wiesław & Szlachta, Józef & Mulka, Mariusz, 2016. "Estimation of methane production for batch technology – A new approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 440-449.
    8. Zappini, Giovanni & Cocca, Paola & Rossi, Diana, 2010. "Performance analysis of energy recovery in an Italian municipal solid waste landfill," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 5063-5069.
    9. Zhang, Yuyao & Kawasaki, Yu & Oshita, Kazuyuki & Takaoka, Masaki & Minami, Daisuke & Inoue, Go & Tanaka, Toshihiro, 2021. "Economic assessment of biogas purification systems for removal of both H2S and siloxane from biogas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 119-130.
    10. Julia Burmistrova & Marc Beutel & Erin Hestir & Rebecca Ryals & Pramod Pandey, 2022. "Anaerobic Co-Digestion to Enhance Waste Management Sustainability at Yosemite National Park," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-12, September.
    11. Jung, Sungyup & Lee, Jechan & Moon, Deok Hyun & Kim, Ki-Hyun & Kwon, Eilhann E., 2021. "Upgrading biogas into syngas through dry reforming," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    12. Starr, Katherine & Ramirez, Andrea & Meerman, Hans & Villalba, Gara & Gabarrell, Xavier, 2015. "Explorative economic analysis of a novel biogas upgrading technology using carbon mineralization. A case study for Spain," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 298-309.
    13. Naja, Ghinwa M. & Alary, René & Bajeat, Philippe & Bellenfant, Gaël & Godon, Jean-Jacques & Jaeg, Jean-Philippe & Keck, Gérard & Lattes, Armand & Leroux, Carole & Modelon, Hugues & Moletta-Denat, Mari, 2011. "Assessment of biogas potential hazards," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 3445-3451.
    14. Parisa Heidarnejad & Hadi Genceli & Nasim Hashemian & Mustafa Asker & Mohammad Al-Rawi, 2024. "Biomass-Fueled Organic Rankine Cycles: State of the Art and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-30, August.
    15. Dahye Kim & Kyung-Tae Kim & Young-Kwon Park, 2020. "A Comparative Study on the Reduction Effect in Greenhouse Gas Emissions between the Combined Heat and Power Plant and Boiler," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-11, June.
    16. Venkatesh, G. & Elmi, Rashid Abdi, 2013. "Economic–environmental analysis of handling biogas from sewage sludge digesters in WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) for energy recovery: Case study of Bekkelaget WWTP in Oslo (Norway)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 220-235.
    17. Rasi, Saija & Lehtinen, Jenni & Rintala, Jukka, 2010. "Determination of organic silicon compounds in biogas from wastewater treatments plants, landfills, and co-digestion plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 2666-2673.
    18. Cheng, Shikun & Li, Zifu & Mang, Heinz-Peter & Neupane, Kalidas & Wauthelet, Marc & Huba, Elisabeth-Maria, 2014. "Application of fault tree approach for technical assessment of small-sized biogas systems in Nepal," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1372-1381.
    19. Miyawaki, B. & Mariano, A.B. & Vargas, J.V.C. & Balmant, W. & Defrancheschi, A.C. & Corrêa, D.O. & Santos, B. & Selesu, N.F.H. & Ordonez, J.C. & Kava, V.M., 2021. "Microalgae derived biomass and bioenergy production enhancement through biogas purification and wastewater treatment," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1153-1165.
    20. Tsipis, E.V. & Agarkov, D.A. & Borisov, Yu.A. & Kiseleva, S.V. & Tarasenko, A.B. & Bredikhin, S.I. & Kharton, V.V., 2023. "Waste gas utilization potential for solid oxide fuel cells: A brief review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:106:y:2013:i:c:p:328-336. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.