IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v102y2013icp476-483.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in solid residues from supercritical water gasification of wet sewage sludge

Author

Listed:
  • Xu, Z.R.
  • Zhu, W.
  • Li, M.
  • Zhang, H.W.
  • Gong, M.

Abstract

Hydrogen gas has been successfully produced from sewage sludge by supercritical water gasification. Therefore, whether toxic compounds are synthesized in the supercritical water gasification of sewage sludge should be clarified because of the complex pollutants in sludge. In the current study, the content and forms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the solid residue from the supercritical water gasification of wet sludge was investigated using a high-pressure autoclave. The process parameters, such as reaction temperature (400–455°C), reaction time (0–60min), dry matter content (5.6–23.8wt%) in the feedstock, and heating period, were varied to investigate their effects on the PAH content and forms. The results showed that PAHs are generated during supercritical water gasification and that high reaction temperature, long reaction time, and low dry matter content favor the formation of PAHs in the solid residue, mainly involving 4-ring PAHs. Moreover, the amount of total PAHs in the solid residue did not exceed the allowable limits of soil quality assessment for exhibition (B class) in China and meets the Canadian soil quality for commercial land use. In addition, the mechanism of PAH formation during supercritical water gasification was discussed in this paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu, Z.R. & Zhu, W. & Li, M. & Zhang, H.W. & Gong, M., 2013. "Quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in solid residues from supercritical water gasification of wet sewage sludge," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 476-483.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:102:y:2013:i:c:p:476-483
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.07.051
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261912005983
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.07.051?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Naqvi, Muhammad & Yan, Jinyue & Dahlquist, Erik, 2012. "Bio-refinery system in a pulp mill for methanol production with comparison of pressurized black liquor gasification and dry gasification using direct causticization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 24-31.
    2. Fytili, D. & Zabaniotou, A., 2008. "Utilization of sewage sludge in EU application of old and new methods--A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 116-140, January.
    3. Naqvi, Muhammad & Yan, Jinyue & Dahlquist, Erik, 2012. "Synthetic gas production from dry black liquor gasification process using direct causticization with CO2 capture," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 49-55.
    4. Ahmed, I. & Gupta, A.K., 2009. "Syngas yield during pyrolysis and steam gasification of paper," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(9), pages 1813-1821, September.
    5. Ahmed, I. & Gupta, A.K., 2009. "Evolution of syngas from cardboard gasification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(9), pages 1732-1740, September.
    6. Ahmed, I.I. & Gupta, A.K., 2010. "Pyrolysis and gasification of food waste: Syngas characteristics and char gasification kinetics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 101-108, January.
    7. Guan, Qingqing & Wei, Chaohai & Shi, Huashun & Wu, Chaofei & Chai, Xin-Sheng, 2011. "Partial oxidative gasification of phenol for hydrogen in supercritical water," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(8), pages 2612-2616, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ma, Jinxing & Wang, Zhiwei & Zhu, Chaowei & Xu, Yinlun & Wu, Zhichao, 2014. "Electrogenesis reduces the combustion efficiency of sewage sludge," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 283-289.
    2. Zhao, Peitao & Chen, Hongfang & Ge, Shifu & Yoshikawa, Kunio, 2013. "Effect of the hydrothermal pretreatment for the reduction of NO emission from sewage sludge combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 199-205.
    3. Huang, Dan & Wu, Zan & Sunden, Bengt & Li, Wei, 2016. "A brief review on convection heat transfer of fluids at supercritical pressures in tubes and the recent progress," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 494-505.
    4. Liu, Huan & Yi, Linlin & Zhang, Qiang & Hu, Hongyun & Lu, Geng & Li, Aijun & Yao, Hong, 2016. "Co-production of clean syngas and ash adsorbent during sewage sludge gasification: Synergistic effect of Fenton peroxidation and CaO conditioning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1062-1068.
    5. Sebastian Werle & Mariusz Dudziak, 2014. "Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Contaminants in Dried Sewage Sludge and By-Products of Dried Sewage Sludge Gasification," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-15, January.
    6. Kim, Young Doo & Yang, Chang Won & Kim, Beom Jong & Kim, Kwang Su & Lee, Jeung Woo & Moon, Ji Hong & Yang, Won & Yu, Tae U & Lee, Uen Do, 2013. "Air-blown gasification of woody biomass in a bubbling fluidized bed gasifier," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 414-420.
    7. Zhao, Peitao & Ge, Shifu & Yoshikawa, Kunio, 2013. "An orthogonal experimental study on solid fuel production from sewage sludge by employing steam explosion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 1213-1221.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nipattummakul, Nimit & Ahmed, Islam & Kerdsuwan, Somrat & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2010. "High temperature steam gasification of wastewater sludge," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(12), pages 3729-3734, December.
    2. Ahmed, I.I. & Gupta, A.K., 2013. "Experiments and stochastic simulations of lignite coal during pyrolysis and gasification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 355-363.
    3. Nipattummakul, Nimit & Ahmed, Islam I. & Kerdsuwan, Somrat & Gupta, Ashwani K., 2012. "Steam gasification of oil palm trunk waste for clean syngas production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 778-782.
    4. Ahmed, I.I. & Gupta, A.K., 2012. "Sugarcane bagasse gasification: Global reaction mechanism of syngas evolution," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 75-81.
    5. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Al-Ansari, Tareq & Inayat, Muddasser & Sulaiman, Shaharin A. & Parthasarathy, Prakash & McKay, Gordon, 2020. "A critical review on the influence of process parameters in catalytic co-gasification: Current performance and challenges for a future prospectus," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    6. Ahmed, I. & Jangsawang, W. & Gupta, A.K., 2012. "Energy recovery from pyrolysis and gasification of mangrove," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 173-179.
    7. Ahmed, I.I. & Nipattummakul, N. & Gupta, A.K., 2011. "Characteristics of syngas from co-gasification of polyethylene and woodchips," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(1), pages 165-174, January.
    8. Darmawan, Arif & Ajiwibowo, Muhammad W. & Yoshikawa, Kunio & Aziz, Muhammad & Tokimatsu, Koji, 2018. "Energy-efficient recovery of black liquor through gasification and syngas chemical looping," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 290-298.
    9. Ahmed, I.I. & Gupta, A.K., 2011. "Kinetics of woodchips char gasification with steam and carbon dioxide," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(5), pages 1613-1619, May.
    10. Molintas, H. & Gupta, A.K., 2011. "Kinetic study for the reduction of residual char particles using oxygen and air," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(1), pages 306-315, January.
    11. Umeki, Kentaro & Yamamoto, Kouichi & Namioka, Tomoaki & Yoshikawa, Kunio, 2010. "High temperature steam-only gasification of woody biomass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(3), pages 791-798, March.
    12. Ahmed, I.I. & Gupta, A.K., 2011. "Particle size, porosity and temperature effects on char conversion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4667-4677.
    13. Udomsirichakorn, Jakkapong & Salam, P. Abdul, 2014. "Review of hydrogen-enriched gas production from steam gasification of biomass: The prospect of CaO-based chemical looping gasification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 565-579.
    14. Mesfun, Sennai & Toffolo, Andrea, 2013. "Optimization of process integration in a Kraft pulp and paper mill – Evaporation train and CHP system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 98-110.
    15. Chaiwatanodom, Paphonwit & Vivanpatarakij, Supawat & Assabumrungrat, Suttichai, 2014. "Thermodynamic analysis of biomass gasification with CO2 recycle for synthesis gas production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 10-17.
    16. Arpa, Orhan & Yumrutas, Recep & Demirbas, Ayhan, 2010. "Production of diesel-like fuel from waste engine oil by pyrolitic distillation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 122-127, January.
    17. Haro, Pedro & Aracil, Cristina & Vidal-Barrero, Fernando & Ollero, Pedro, 2015. "Rewarding of extra-avoided GHG emissions in thermochemical biorefineries incorporating Bio-CCS," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 255-266.
    18. Cao, Changqing & Guo, Liejin & Jin, Hui & Cao, Wen & Jia, Yi & Yao, Xiangdong, 2017. "System analysis of pulping process coupled with supercritical water gasification of black liquor for combined hydrogen, heat and power production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 238-247.
    19. Zhang, Yuming & Yao, Meiqin & Gao, Shiqiu & Sun, Guogang & Xu, Guangwen, 2015. "Reactivity and kinetics for steam gasification of petroleum coke blended with black liquor in a micro fluidized bed," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 820-828.
    20. Parthasarathy, Prakash & Narayanan, K. Sheeba, 2014. "Hydrogen production from steam gasification of biomass: Influence of process parameters on hydrogen yield – A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 570-579.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:102:y:2013:i:c:p:476-483. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.