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Adaptation of citrus orchards to deficit irrigation strategies

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  • Saitta, Daniela
  • Consoli, Simona
  • Ferlito, Filippo
  • Torrisi, Biagio
  • Allegra, Maria
  • Longo-Minnolo, Giuseppe
  • Ramírez-Cuesta, Juan Miguel
  • Vanella, Daniela

Abstract

In this study, the adaptation characteristics of orange trees, related to the application over a decade of deficit irrigation (DI) strategies, have been explored. To this purpose, the analysis of a minimal dataset composed of physiological information (stem water potential - Ψstem and sap flow - SF measurements), yield (fruits number and weight) and qualitative parameters (titratable acidity, TA; and total soluble solids, TSS) was performed with reference to the last irrigation seasons (i.e. 2018–19). The applied irrigation treatments were the following: sustained deficit irrigation (SDI); regulated deficit irrigation (RDI); partial root-zone drying (PRD), each distributing a water deficit of about 19%, 29% and 52%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (FI) supplying the full irrigation level (100% ETc). In general, higher water use efficiencies (WUE) have been obtained in DI treatments, which guarantee greater water savings (up to 50%), without affecting yield and quality characteristics. In particular, the most stressed treatment (PRD), while reaching the lowest Ψstem values (−1.8 to −2.0MPa), as also shown by SF versus Ψstem clusters, resulted in WUE values for yield (WUEY), TA (WUETA) and TSS (WUETSS) parameters of approximately 2.6, 2.9, and 3.1 times greater than FI, respectively. Overall, this study allowed identifying the cumulative adaptation characteristics of the orange trees under study to the application of long-term DI strategies and showing that trees were able to achieve yields and qualitative features similar to those obtained with FI, even after 10 years of application of deficient irrigation regimes.

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  • Saitta, Daniela & Consoli, Simona & Ferlito, Filippo & Torrisi, Biagio & Allegra, Maria & Longo-Minnolo, Giuseppe & Ramírez-Cuesta, Juan Miguel & Vanella, Daniela, 2021. "Adaptation of citrus orchards to deficit irrigation strategies," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:247:y:2021:i:c:s0378377420322782
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106734
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    4. Chen, Fei & Cui, Ningbo & Jiang, Shouzheng & Wang, Zhihui & Li, Hongping & Lv, Min & Wang, Yaosheng & Gong, Daozhi & Zhao, Lu, 2023. "Multi-objective deficit drip irrigation optimization of citrus yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency using NSGA-II in seasonal arid area of Southwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).
    5. Elisabetta Nicolosi & Angelo Sicilia & Filippo Ferlito & Antonello Bonfante & Eugenia Monaco & Angela Roberta Lo Piero, 2022. "Phenotypic Plasticity in Bud Fruitfulness Expressed in Two Distinct Wine Grape Cultivars Grown under Three Different Pedoclimatic Conditions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-20, October.
    6. Pappalardo, S. & Consoli, S. & Longo-Minnolo, G. & Vanella, D. & Longo, D. & Guarrera, S. & D’Emilio, A. & Ramírez-Cuesta, J.M., 2023. "Performance evaluation of a low-cost thermal camera for citrus water status estimation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
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