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Biochar amendment improves shoot biomass of tomato seedlings and sustains water relations and leaf gas exchange rates under different irrigation and nitrogen regimes

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  • Guo, Lili
  • Bornø, Marie Louise
  • Niu, Wenquan
  • Liu, Fulai

Abstract

Biochar amendment has many benefits for improving soil water holding capacity and plant growth particularly under reduced irrigation regimes, yet the underlying biochemical and physiological mechanisms remain largely elusive. The combined effects of biochar addition and deficit irrigation under two N fertilizer regimes on tomato plant growth and physiology were investigated. The results showed that, despite a negative effect on leaf N content, biochar amendment improved the plant water status and leaf gas exchange rates under deficit irrigation, thereby enhanced the biomass (DM) of tomato plants irrespective of N regimes. Even though biochar amendment tended to reduce instantaneous water use efficiency, it significantly enhanced plant water use efficiency (WUEp). Biochar increased soil pH and resulted in an increase in xylem pH, which however did not amplify the root-to-shoot ABA signalling inducing early stomatal closure during deficit irrigation. The principal component analysis (PCA) plot showed that plant water use (PWU) rather than WUEp contributed significantly to the enhanced DM under biochar amendment. Thus, the greater stomatal conductance and transpiration rate and consequently the higher PWU as exemplified by the lowered leaf δ13C and δ18O values might have contributed to the increased DM of the biochar treated tomato plants. It is concluded that biochar amendment could be a promising practice to enhance tomato seedling growth under reduced irrigation and N fertilization regimes.

Suggested Citation

  • Guo, Lili & Bornø, Marie Louise & Niu, Wenquan & Liu, Fulai, 2021. "Biochar amendment improves shoot biomass of tomato seedlings and sustains water relations and leaf gas exchange rates under different irrigation and nitrogen regimes," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:245:y:2021:i:c:s0378377420321272
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106580
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Akhtar, Saqib Saleem & Andersen, Mathias Neumann & Liu, Fulai, 2015. "Residual effects of biochar on improving growth, physiology and yield of wheat under salt stress," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 61-68.
    2. Pazzagli, Pietro T. & Weiner, Jacob & Liu, Fulai, 2016. "Effects of CO2 elevation and irrigation regimes on leaf gas exchange, plant water relations, and water use efficiency of two tomato cultivars," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 26-33.
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    1. Zhang, Cong & Huang, Xian & Zhang, Xingwei & Wan, Li & Wang, Zhenhong, 2021. "Effects of biochar application on soil nitrogen and phosphorous leaching loss and oil peony growth," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    2. Binnan Li & Lixia Shen, 2024. "Effects of Soluble Organic Fertilizer Combined with Inorganic Fertilizer on Greenhouse Tomatoes with Different Irrigation Techniques," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-18, February.
    3. Maria A. Lilli & Nikolaos V. Paranychianakis & Konstantinos Lionoudakis & Anna Kritikaki & Styliani Voutsadaki & Maria L. Saru & Konstantinos Komnitsas & Nikolaos P. Nikolaidis, 2023. "The Impact of Sewage-Sludge- and Olive-Mill-Waste-Derived Biochar Amendments to Tomato Cultivation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-15, February.

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