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Reclamation of Saline–Sodic Soils with Combined Amendments: Impact on Quinoa Performance and Biological Soil Quality

Author

Listed:
  • María Alcívar

    (Department of Soils and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Avenida Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán, Chile)

  • Andrés Zurita-Silva

    (Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, (INIA), Centro de Investigación Intihuasi, Colina San Joaquin s/n, La Serena, Coquimbo, Chile)

  • Marco Sandoval

    (Department of Soils and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Avenida Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán, Chile)

  • Cristina Muñoz

    (Department of Soils and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Avenida Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán, Chile)

  • Mauricio Schoebitz

    (Department of Soils and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Chillan, Avenida Vicente Méndez 595, Chillán, Chile)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the individual and synergic effects of the application of Biochar (B), Humic Substances (HS), and Gypsum (G) on the soil properties of a saline–sodic soil, and plant growth and seed quality (polyphenols, protein and yield) of quinoa. Treatments included (B) 22 t ha −1 , (HS) 5 kg ha −1 , and (G) 47.7 t ha −1 . Two quinoa genotypes from Arid Zones (AZ-51 and AZ-103) were selected and established in eight treatments. The B + HS + G combined treatment resulted in increases in root biomass of 206% and 176% in AZ-51 and AZ-103, respectively. Furthermore, electrical conductivity (ECe), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) decreased significantly in all treated soils. When compared to the control, ESP decreased 11-fold in the G treatment, and 9–13-fold in the B + G; B + HS; and B + HS + G treatments. Similarly, soil microbial biomass increased 112% and 322% in the B + HS + G treatment in AZ-51 and AZ-103 genotypes, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of combined amendments (B + HS + G) represents an alternative for reclaiming degraded soils, including saline–sodic soils.

Suggested Citation

  • María Alcívar & Andrés Zurita-Silva & Marco Sandoval & Cristina Muñoz & Mauricio Schoebitz, 2018. "Reclamation of Saline–Sodic Soils with Combined Amendments: Impact on Quinoa Performance and Biological Soil Quality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:9:p:3083-:d:166557
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Akhtar, Saqib Saleem & Andersen, Mathias Neumann & Liu, Fulai, 2015. "Residual effects of biochar on improving growth, physiology and yield of wheat under salt stress," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 61-68.
    2. Mahmoodabadi, Majid & Yazdanpanah, Najme & Sinobas, Leonor Rodríguez & Pazira, Ebrahim & Neshat, Ali, 2013. "Reclamation of calcareous saline sodic soil with different amendments (I): Redistribution of soluble cations within the soil profile," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 30-38.
    3. Yazdanpanah, Najme & Pazira, Ebrahim & Neshat, Ali & Mahmoodabadi, Majid & Rodríguez Sinobas, Leonor, 2013. "Reclamation of calcareous saline sodic soil with different amendments (II): Impact on nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium redistribution and on microbial respiration," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 39-45.
    4. Chaganti, Vijayasatya N. & Crohn, David M. & Šimůnek, Jirka, 2015. "Leaching and reclamation of a biochar and compost amended saline–sodic soil with moderate SAR reclaimed water," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 255-265.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Hesham M. Aboelsoud & Mohamed A. E. AbdelRahman & Ahmed M. S. Kheir & Mona S. M. Eid & Khalil A. Ammar & Tamer H. Khalifa & Antonio Scopa, 2022. "Quantitative Estimation of Saline-Soil Amelioration Using Remote-Sensing Indices in Arid Land for Better Management," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-19, July.
    3. Aadhityaa Mohanavelu & Sujay Raghavendra Naganna & Nadhir Al-Ansari, 2021. "Irrigation Induced Salinity and Sodicity Hazards on Soil and Groundwater: An Overview of Its Causes, Impacts and Mitigation Strategies," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-17, October.

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