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Review of Soil Salinity and Sodicity Challenges to Crop Production in the Lowland Irrigated Areas of Ethiopia and Its Management Strategies

Author

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  • Ashenafi Worku Daba

    (Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Addis Ababa P.O. Box 2003, Ethiopia
    Currently located at the Hawassa University, Shashemene P.O. Box 128, Ethiopia.)

  • Asad Sarwar Qureshi

    (International Center for Bio-Saline Agriculture (ICBA), Dubai P.O. Box 14660, United Arab Emirates)

Abstract

Ethiopia’s irrigated agriculture productivity has been threatened by severe salinity and sodicity problems which have resulted in significantly lower yields, food insecurity, and environmental degradation. The destructive effects of poor irrigation water management with the absence of drainage and anticipated future climate changes can accelerate the formation of salt-affected soil, potentially expanding the problem to currently unaffected regions. This paper synthesizes the available information on the causes, extent, and effects of salt-affected soils on soil and crop production and suggest chemical, biological, and physical reclamation and management approaches for tackling salinity and sodicity problems. The mitigation approaches (e.g., the addition of amendments, plantation of salt-tolerant crops, appropriate irrigation and drainage management, phytoremediation, and bioremediation) have successfully tackled soil salinity and sodicity problems in many parts of the world. These approaches have further improved the socioeconomic conditions of farming communities in salt-affected areas. The paper also discusses the effectiveness of these mitigation strategies under Ethiopian conditions. The policy interventions for reclamation of soil salinity and sodicity that indicates future research attention to restoring agricultural sustainability are also foci of this paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Ashenafi Worku Daba & Asad Sarwar Qureshi, 2021. "Review of Soil Salinity and Sodicity Challenges to Crop Production in the Lowland Irrigated Areas of Ethiopia and Its Management Strategies," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-21, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:12:p:1377-:d:700838
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. Qadir & E. Quillérou & V. Nangia & G. Murtaza & M. Singh & R.J. Thomas & P. Drechsel & A.D. Noble, 2014. "Economics of salt‐induced land degradation and restoration," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 0(4), pages 282-295, November.
    2. Bethel Nekir, 2019. "Effect of Organic Matter on Rice Nitrogen and Phosphorus Use Efficiency Under Calcareous Sodic Soil of Amibara District, Ethiopia," Journal of Agriculture and Crops, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 5(9), pages 178-185, 09-2019.
    3. Yazdanpanah, Najme & Pazira, Ebrahim & Neshat, Ali & Mahmoodabadi, Majid & Rodríguez Sinobas, Leonor, 2013. "Reclamation of calcareous saline sodic soil with different amendments (II): Impact on nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium redistribution and on microbial respiration," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 39-45.
    4. M. Qadir & E. Quillérou & V. Nangia & G. Murtaza & M. Singh & R.J. Thomas & P. Drechsel & A.D. Noble, 2014. "Economics of salt‐induced land degradation and restoration," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 0(4), pages 282-295, November.
    5. M. Qadir & E. Quillérou & V. Nangia & G. Murtaza & M. Singh & R.J. Thomas & P. Drechsel & A.D. Noble, 2014. "Economics of salt‐induced land degradation and restoration," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 38(4), pages 282-295, November.
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