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Comprehensive Evaluation of Morpho-Physiological and Ionic Traits in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes under Salinity Stress

Author

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  • Shiksha Chaurasia

    (Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India
    Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR—Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India)

  • Arvind Kumar

    (Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR—Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India)

  • Amit Kumar Singh

    (Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR—National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India)

Abstract

Salinity is the foremost abiotic stress that severely affects plant growth and constrains its productivity worldwide. In the present investigation, genetic variation in wheat genotypes was evaluated to identify novel salt-tolerant genetic resources, which could be used in the bread wheat improvement program. A diverse panel of 44 different wheat genotypes was evaluated at seedling stage to characterize morphological and ionic traits under salt stress (150 mM NaCl). Salt treatment caused 33.33, 45.31, 55.17, and 72.53% reduction in root dry weight (RDW), root fresh weight (RFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), and shoot fresh weight (SFW), respectively. Under salt stress, maximum inhibition of Na + ion uptake was observed in tolerant genotypes, and this was accompanied by a high Ca 2+ uptake. Wheat genotypes showed a wide spectrum of responses under salt stress; however, four genotypes, EC576356, IC533596, IC279230, and IC290188, exhibited consistent performance, which was strongly linked to proper Na + and K + discrimination in leaves. The tolerant genotypes acquired a better ability to maintain stable relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll (CHL), and photosynthesis rate (PS), resulting in significantly higher dry matter production under salt stress. Further, biomass, shoot K + , root Ca 2+ , and shoot K + /Na + were identified as the most effective parameters for screening wheat germplasm for salinity tolerance. The identified germplasm could be used as donors for transferring salt tolerance to improved cultivars as well as in further genetic studies to uncover the genetic mechanisms governing salt stress response in wheat.

Suggested Citation

  • Shiksha Chaurasia & Arvind Kumar & Amit Kumar Singh, 2022. "Comprehensive Evaluation of Morpho-Physiological and Ionic Traits in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes under Salinity Stress," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:11:p:1765-:d:952620
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. Qadir & E. Quillérou & V. Nangia & G. Murtaza & M. Singh & R.J. Thomas & P. Drechsel & A.D. Noble, 2014. "Economics of salt‐induced land degradation and restoration," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 0(4), pages 282-295, November.
    2. M. Qadir & E. Quillérou & V. Nangia & G. Murtaza & M. Singh & R.J. Thomas & P. Drechsel & A.D. Noble, 2014. "Economics of salt‐induced land degradation and restoration," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 0(4), pages 282-295, November.
    3. M. Qadir & E. Quillérou & V. Nangia & G. Murtaza & M. Singh & R.J. Thomas & P. Drechsel & A.D. Noble, 2014. "Economics of salt‐induced land degradation and restoration," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 38(4), pages 282-295, November.
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    1. Jagadhesan Boopal & Lekshmy Sathee & Ramesh Ramasamy & Rakesh Pandey & Viswanathan Chinnusamy, 2023. "Influence of Incremental Short Term Salt Stress at the Seedling Stage on Root Plasticity, Shoot Thermal Profile and Ion Homeostasis in Contrasting Wheat Genotypes," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-20, October.

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