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Arbeitsmarktpolitische Massnahmen und ihre Evaluierung: eine Bestandsaufnahme

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  • Christoph M. Schmidt

Abstract

In der Bundesrepublik Deutschland wird die Durchführung arbeitsmarktpolitischer Maßnahmen mit erheblichem personellen wie finanziellen Aufwand betrieben. Dennoch ist ein Erfolg dieser Maßnahmen keineswegs gesichert, und Ausmaß bzw. Existenz des tatsächlichen Effektes verbleiben in hohem Maße fraglich. Dies begründet sich auch darin, dass es die bisherige Evaluierungspraxis fast vollständig versäumt hat, eine Vergleichssituation zu konstruieren, die hinreichend genau beschreibt, welcher Zustand sich ohne den zu evaluierenden Eingriff eingestellt hätte. Damit wird eine der Minimalanforderungen an eine zielgerichtete wissenschaftliche Evaluierung verletzt. Vor dem Hintergrund eines internationalen Vergleichs der Evaluierungspraxis diskutiert der vorliegende Beitrag die methodischen Probleme bei der Evaluierung arbeitsmarktpolitischer Maßnahmen, wobei unterschiedliche empirische Strategien zur Lösung dieser Probleme vorgestellt werden. Ergänzt wird dies durch einen Abriss der verfügbaren wissenschaftlichen Evidenz zu ökonomischen Auswirkungen von Arbeitsmarktprogrammen, verbunden mit einer Reihe von Schlussfolgerungen für die Durchführung zukünftiger Maßnahmen sowie die mit ihnen notwendig einhergehende Evaluierung.

Suggested Citation

  • Christoph M. Schmidt, 2000. "Arbeitsmarktpolitische Massnahmen und ihre Evaluierung: eine Bestandsaufnahme," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 69(3), pages 425-437.
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:69-30-8
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.69.3.425
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fertig, Michael & Schmidt, Christoph M., 2000. "Discretionary Measures of Active Labor Market Policy: The German Employment Promotion Reform in Perspective," IZA Discussion Papers 182, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Marek GÕra & Christoph M. Schmidt, 1998. "Long-term unemployment, unemployment benefits and social assistance: The Polish experience," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 23(1/2), pages 55-85.
    3. Manski, Charles F., 1992. "Identification Problems In The Social Sciences," SSRI Workshop Series 292716, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Social Systems Research Institute.
    4. Schmidt, Christoph M., 1999. "Knowing What Works: The Case for Rigorous Program Evaluation," IZA Discussion Papers 77, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Daniel Friedlander & David H. Greenberg & Philip K. Robins, 1997. "Evaluating Government Training Programs for the Economically Disadvantaged," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 35(4), pages 1809-1855, December.
    6. Kluve, Jochen & Lehmann, Hartmut & Schmidt, Christoph M., 1999. "Active Labor Market Policies in Poland: Human Capital Enhancement, Stigmatization, or Benefit Churning?," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 61-89, March.
    7. Augurzky, Boris & Schmidt, Christoph M., 2001. "The Evaluation of Community-Based Interventions: A Monte Carlo Study," IZA Discussion Papers 270, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    8. Schmidt, Christoph M. & Baltussen, Rob & Sauerborn, Rainer, 2000. "The Evaluation of Community-Based Interventions: Group Randomization, Limits and Alternatives," IZA Discussion Papers 206, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    9. Schmidt, Christoph M., 1999. "The Heterogeneity and Cyclical Sensitivity of Unemployment: An Exploration of German Labor Market Flows," IZA Discussion Papers 84, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    Cited by:

    1. Wolfgang Ochel, 2004. "Lernen von anderen Ländern: Zum internationalen Vergleich und Transfer von Arbeitsmarktinstitutionen," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 5(2), pages 139-158, May.
    2. Johannes Schwarze & Guido Heineck, 2001. "Auswirkungen der Einführung der Sozialversicherungspflicht für geringfügige Beschäftigung: eine Evaluation des "630-DM-Jobs"-Reformgesetzes," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 257, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    3. Barbara Sianesi, 2002. "An evaluation of the Swedish system of active labour market programmes in the 1990s," IFS Working Papers W02/01, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
    4. Fertig, Michael & Jacobi, Lena & Kluve, Jochen & Schaffner, Sandra & Schmidt, Christoph M. & Schumacher, Peter Michael & Tamm, Marcus & Apel, Helmut & Friedrich, Werner & Hägele, Helmut & Buscher, Her, 2006. "Evaluation der Umsetzung der Vorschläge der Hartz-Kommission. Arbeitspaket 1, Modul 1f. Teil 2: Benchmarking und makroökonomische Analysen," RWI Projektberichte, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, number 70876.
    5. Michael Lechner, 2002. "Mikroökonometrische Evaluation arbeitsmarktpolitischer Massnahmen," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2002 2002-20, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J68 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Public Policy
    • H43 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate
    • H53 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs

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