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US-Steuerreform: Chancen und Risiken: Wer gewinnt – wer verliert?

Author

Listed:
  • Christoph Spengel
  • Marcel Olbert
  • Kathrin Stutzenberger
  • Thomas Straubhaar
  • Johannes Becker
  • Joachim Englisch
  • Joachim Lang
  • Patrick Kompolsek
  • Michael Riedle
  • Martin Ruf

Abstract

Die Steuerreform von US-Präsident Donald Trump sieht deutliche Steuersenkungen für Unternehmen und bescheidene Entlastungen für Privatpersonen vor. Sie wird voraussichtlich die Konjunktur in den USA anschieben und den USA durch die Senkung der Unternehmensteuersätze einen massiven Wettbewerbsvorteil bescheren. Wie sollten die europäischen Länder reagieren? Christoph Spengel, Marcel Olbert und Kathrin Stutzenberger, ZEW, Mannheim, machen deutlich, dass europäische Hochsteuerländer wie Deutschland möglicherweise zu den Verlierern der US-Steuerreform zählen, während die Position der USA als Investitionsstandort im globalen Steuerwettbewerb deutlich verbessert wird. Thomas Straubhaar, Universität Hamburg, schlägt vor, generell das Einkommen und nicht die Unternehmen zu besteuern. Dies sei die richtige Antwort auf Globalisierung und Digitalisierung. Johannes Becker und Joachim Englisch, Universität Münster, sehen als eindeutige Gewinner bisher »nur die steuerberatende Zunft«. Klarer Verlierer dagegen sei die OECD, der deutlich die Grenzen eines international koordinierten Vorgehens gegen sog. »Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS)« aufgezeigt und deren Autorität darum beschädigt werde. Auch könnte der durch die US-Reform befeuerte globale Standortwettbewerb es notwendig machen, in Deutschland eine Senkung der Unternehmensteuersätze in Betracht zu ziehen. Für Joachim Lang, BDI, sind die großen Gewinner der Reform vor allem US-Unternehmen: Sie profitieren unmittelbar von der Steuersatzsenkung und der Sofortabschreibungsmöglichkeit. Große Risiken könnten sich dagegen für den Standort Deutschland ergeben. Für Patrick Kompolsek, Michael Riedle und Martin Ruf, Universität Tübingen, lässt sich die Frage, »Wer gewinnt – wer verliert?«, nicht pauschal beantworten. Unter den Unternehmen werde es sowohl Gewinner als auch Verlierer geben.

Suggested Citation

  • Christoph Spengel & Marcel Olbert & Kathrin Stutzenberger & Thomas Straubhaar & Johannes Becker & Joachim Englisch & Joachim Lang & Patrick Kompolsek & Michael Riedle & Martin Ruf, 2018. "US-Steuerreform: Chancen und Risiken: Wer gewinnt – wer verliert?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 71(04), pages 03-19, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:71:y:2018:i:04:p:03-19
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Timo Wollmershäuser & Marcell Göttert & Christian Grimme & Carla Krolage & Stefan Lautenbacher & Robert Lehmann & Sebastian Link & Wolfgang Nierhaus & Ann-Christin Rathje & Magnus Reif & Radek Šauer &, 2018. "ifo Konjunkturprognose Winter 2018: Deutsche Konjunktur kühlt sich ab," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 71(24), pages 28-82, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Steuerreform; Steuerpolitik; Steuerwettbewerb; Einkommensteuer; Unternehmensbesteuerung; USA;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
    • H32 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Firm
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies

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