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Dichtung und Wahrheit: Deutschlands Position bei Lohnstückkosten, Extrahandel und realen Wechselkursen in der Eurozone – was sagt die Statistik?

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  • Georg Erber

Abstract

Georg Erber, Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW), Berlin, untersucht die vorhandenen statistischen Daten zu den realen Lohnstückkosten, zum Extrahandel und zu den realen effektiven Wechselkursen der EU-Länder, der Eurozone sowie weiterer Länder der Weltwirtschaft und zeigt, inwieweit die vorhandenen statistischen Informationen die Aussage stützen, Deutschland sei der Hauptprofiteur der Währungsunion. Die Analyse der vorhandenen Daten lässt diesbezüglich erhebliche Zweifel aufkommen. Zum einen zeigen die Schwankungen der realen Lohnstückkosten, dass es keinen nachhaltigen Trend gegeben hat. Des Weiteren zeigt sich, dass die gestiegene preisliche Wettbewerbsfähigkeit Deutschlands aufgrund eines geringeren Lohnstückkostenanstiegs nicht den zu erwartenden überproportionalen Anstieg der Exporte Deutschlands bewirkt hat. Stattdessen haben Deutschlands Exporte gegenüber denen von Ländern außerhalb der Eurozone deutlich stärker zugenommen als im Vergleich innerhalb der Eurozone. Dabei spielte gemessen am realen effektiven Wechselkurs ein deutlicher Anstieg der preislichen Wettbewerbsfähigkeit nur bedingt eine Rolle. Eher sind hier die Spezialisierung auf Investitionsgüter und langlebige Konsumgüter sowie hohe Qualitätsstandards und Innovationsfähigkeit als Wettbewerbsfaktoren entscheidend.

Suggested Citation

  • Georg Erber, 2012. "Dichtung und Wahrheit: Deutschlands Position bei Lohnstückkosten, Extrahandel und realen Wechselkursen in der Eurozone – was sagt die Statistik?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 65(05), pages 20-34, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:65:y:2012:i:05:p:20-34
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Buch, Claudia M. & Piazolo, Daniel, 2001. "Capital and trade flows in Europe and the impact of enlargement," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 25(3), pages 183-214, September.
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    1. Erber, Georg & Hagemann, Harald, 2012. "Wachstums- und Investitionsdynamik in Deutschland," Violette Reihe: Schriftenreihe des Promotionsschwerpunkts "Globalisierung und Beschäftigung" 36/2012, University of Hohenheim, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Evangelisches Studienwerk.

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