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The Discount for Lack of Marketability in Privately Owned Companies: A Multiples Approach

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  • Paglia John K

    (Pepperdine University)

  • Harjoto Maretno

    (Pepperdine University)

Abstract

This study investigates a valuation adjustment, known as the discount for lack of marketability (DLOM) for private firms. By matching private company transactions with publicly traded counterparts, we find discounts that average 65-70% and exceed 80% in some sectors of the economy. Our discounts are significantly larger than the DLOM findings estimated from restricted stock, IPO, and acquisition studies. Larger companies, those with positive net income, and firms with lower risk of financial distress exhibit lower DLOMs. Our findings put into question the sizes of discounts typically applied in valuation engagements for privately-held companies.

Suggested Citation

  • Paglia John K & Harjoto Maretno, 2010. "The Discount for Lack of Marketability in Privately Owned Companies: A Multiples Approach," Journal of Business Valuation and Economic Loss Analysis, De Gruyter, vol. 5(1), pages 1-26, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:jbvela:v:5:y:2010:i:1:n:5
    DOI: 10.2202/1932-9156.1089
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Longstaff, Francis A, 1995. "How Much Can Marketability Affect Security Values?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(5), pages 1767-1774, December.
    2. Wruck, Karen Hopper, 1989. "Equity ownership concentration and firm value : Evidence from private equity financings," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 3-28, June.
    3. Edward I. Altman, 1968. "Financial Ratios, Discriminant Analysis And The Prediction Of Corporate Bankruptcy," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 23(4), pages 589-609, September.
    4. Hertzel, Michael G & Smith, Richard L, 1993. "Market Discounts and Shareholder Gains for Placing Equity Privately," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(2), pages 459-485, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Covrig Vicentiu & McConaughy Daniel L., 2015. "Public versus Private Market Participants and the Prices Paid for Private Companies," Journal of Business Valuation and Economic Loss Analysis, De Gruyter, vol. 10(1), pages 77-97, January.
    2. Abudy, Menachem & Benninga, Simon & Shust, Efrat, 2016. "The cost of equity for private firms," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 431-443.
    3. Radosław Pastusiak & Jakub Keller & Michał Radke, 2020. "Marketability Discount in Various Economic Environments. Comparison of Developed and Emerging Markets on the Example of the USA and Poland," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-15, June.
    4. Leslie Rodríguez-Valencia & Prosper Lamothe-Fernández & David Alaminos, 2023. "The market value of SMEs: a comparative study between private and listed firms in alternative stock markets," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 95-117, March.
    5. Michal Drabek & Daniel Pastorek, 2023. "The impact of ownership structure on the market value of companies in response to COVID-19," MENDELU Working Papers in Business and Economics 2023-87, Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Business and Economics.
    6. Anderson Anthony J. & Long Michael S., 2012. "Evidence on Lack of Liquidity for Small Public Firms," Journal of Business Valuation and Economic Loss Analysis, De Gruyter, vol. 7(1), pages 1-29, June.

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