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Principal Stratification -- a Goal or a Tool?

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  • Pearl Judea

    (University of California, Los Angeles)

Abstract

Principal stratification has recently become a popular tool to address certain causal inference questions, particularly in dealing with post-randomization factors in randomized trials. Here, we analyze the conceptual basis for this framework and invite response to clarify the value of principal stratification in estimating causal effects of interest.

Suggested Citation

  • Pearl Judea, 2011. "Principal Stratification -- a Goal or a Tool?," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 7(1), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:ijbist:v:7:y:2011:i:1:n:20
    DOI: 10.2202/1557-4679.1322
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Constantine E. Frangakis & Donald B. Rubin & Ming-Wen An & Ellen MacKenzie, 2007. "Principal Stratification Designs to Estimate Input Data Missing Due to Death," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 63(3), pages 641-649, September.
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    7. VanderWeele, Tyler J., 2008. "Simple relations between principal stratification and direct and indirect effects," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 78(17), pages 2957-2962, December.
    8. Sjolander Arvid & Vansteelandt Stijn & Humphreys Keith, 2010. "A Principal Stratification Approach to Assess the Differences in Prognosis between Cancers Caused by Hormone Replacement Therapy and by Other Factors," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 6(1), pages 1-37, June.
    9. Constantine E. Frangakis & Donald B. Rubin, 2002. "Principal Stratification in Causal Inference," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 58(1), pages 21-29, March.
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    11. Marshall M. Joffe & Tom Greene, 2009. "Related Causal Frameworks for Surrogate Outcomes," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 65(2), pages 530-538, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Baker Stuart G & Lindeman Karen S & Kramer Barnett S, 2011. "Clarifying the Role of Principal Stratification in the Paired Availability Design," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 7(1), pages 1-11, May.
    2. Dongyang Yang & Wei Xu, 2023. "Estimation of Mediation Effect on Zero-Inflated Microbiome Mediators," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-16, June.
    3. Dawid Philip & Didelez Vanessa, 2012. ""Imagine a Can Opener"--The Magic of Principal Stratum Analysis," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, July.
    4. Shanshan Luo & Wei Li & Yangbo He, 2023. "Causal inference with outcomes truncated by death in multiarm studies," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 79(1), pages 502-513, March.
    5. Daniel Commenges, 2019. "Dealing with death when studying disease or physiological marker: the stochastic system approach to causality," Lifetime Data Analysis: An International Journal Devoted to Statistical Methods and Applications for Time-to-Event Data, Springer, vol. 25(3), pages 381-405, July.
    6. Mealli Fabrizia & Mattei Alessandra, 2012. "A Refreshing Account of Principal Stratification," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 8(1), pages 1-19, April.
    7. Guido Imbens, 2014. "Instrumental Variables: An Econometrician's Perspective," NBER Working Papers 19983, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Gilbert Peter B. & Hudgens Michael G. & Wolfson Julian, 2011. "Commentary on "Principal Stratification -- a Goal or a Tool?" by Judea Pearl," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 7(1), pages 1-15, September.
    9. Linbo Wang & Thomas S. Richardson & Xiao-Hua Zhou, 2017. "Causal analysis of ordinal treatments and binary outcomes under truncation by death," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 79(3), pages 719-735, June.
    10. Prentice Ross, 2011. "Invited Commentary on Pearl and Principal Stratification," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 7(1), pages 1-15, August.
    11. Laura Forastiere & Fabrizia Mealli & Tyler J. VanderWeele, 2016. "Identification and Estimation of Causal Mechanisms in Clustered Encouragement Designs: Disentangling Bed Nets Using Bayesian Principal Stratification," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 111(514), pages 510-525, April.
    12. Greene Tom & Joffe Marshall & Hu Bo & Li Liang & Boucher Ken, 2013. "The Balanced Survivor Average Causal Effect," The International Journal of Biostatistics, De Gruyter, vol. 9(2), pages 291-306, May.

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