IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/mathfi/v30y2020i4p1527-1564.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A martingale representation theorem and valuation of defaultable securities

Author

Listed:
  • Tahir Choulli
  • Catherine Daveloose
  • Michèle Vanmaele

Abstract

We consider a financial framework with two levels of information: the public information generated by the financial assets, and a larger flow of information that contains additional knowledge about a random time. This random time can represent many economic and financial settings, such as the default time of a firm for credit risk, and the death time of an insured for life insurance. As the random time cannot be seen before its occurrence, the progressive enlargement of filtration seems tailor‐fit to model the larger flow of information that incorporates both the public flow and the information about the random time. In this context, our interest focuses on the following challenges: (a) How to single out the various risks coming from the financial assets, the random time, and their correlations? (b) How these risks interplay and lead to the formation of any risk in the larger flow of information? It is clear that understanding how risks build‐up and interact, when one enlarges the flow of information, is vital for an efficient risk management and derivatives' evaluation in those informational markets. Our answers to these challenges are full and complete no matter what the model for the random time is and no matter how the random time is related to the public flow. In fact, we introduce “pure default” risks, and quantify and classify these risks afterward. Then we elaborate our martingale representation results, which state that any martingale in the large filtration stopped at the random time can be decomposed into orthogonal local martingales (i.e., local martingales whose product remains a local martingale). This constitutes our first principal contribution, while our second contribution consists in evaluating various defaultable securities according to the recovery policy, within our financial setting that encompasses any default model, using a martingale “basis.” Our pricing formulas explain the impact of various recovery policies on securities and determine the types of pure default risk they entail.

Suggested Citation

  • Tahir Choulli & Catherine Daveloose & Michèle Vanmaele, 2020. "A martingale representation theorem and valuation of defaultable securities," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(4), pages 1527-1564, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:mathfi:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:1527-1564
    DOI: 10.1111/mafi.12244
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/mafi.12244
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/mafi.12244?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Vadim Linetsky, 2006. "Pricing Equity Derivatives Subject To Bankruptcy," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 16(2), pages 255-282, April.
    2. Black, Fischer & Cox, John C, 1976. "Valuing Corporate Securities: Some Effects of Bond Indenture Provisions," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 31(2), pages 351-367, May.
    3. Duffie, Darrell & Lando, David, 2001. "Term Structures of Credit Spreads with Incomplete Accounting Information," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 69(3), pages 633-664, May.
    4. Anna Aksamit & Tahir Choulli & Jun Deng & Monique Jeanblanc, 2017. "No-arbitrage up to random horizon for quasi-left-continuous models," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 1103-1139, October.
    5. Duffie, Darrell & Singleton, Kenneth J, 1999. "Modeling Term Structures of Defaultable Bonds," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 12(4), pages 687-720.
    6. Ying Jiao & Shanqiu Li, 2018. "Modeling Sovereign Risks: From A Hybrid Model To The Generalized Density Approach," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 240-267, January.
    7. Madan, Dilip & Unal, Haluk, 2000. "A Two-Factor Hazard Rate Model for Pricing Risky Debt and the Term Structure of Credit Spreads," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 35(1), pages 43-65, March.
    8. Leland, Hayne E, 1994. "Corporate Debt Value, Bond Covenants, and Optimal Capital Structure," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(4), pages 1213-1252, September.
    9. Duffie, Darrell & Singleton, Kenneth J, 1997. "An Econometric Model of the Term Structure of Interest-Rate Swap Yields," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 52(4), pages 1287-1321, September.
    10. R. J. Elliott & M. Jeanblanc & M. Yor, 2000. "On Models of Default Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(2), pages 179-195, April.
    11. Robert A. Jarrow & Stuart M. Turnbull, 2008. "Pricing Derivatives on Financial Securities Subject to Credit Risk," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Financial Derivatives Pricing Selected Works of Robert Jarrow, chapter 17, pages 377-409, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    12. Merton, Robert C, 1974. "On the Pricing of Corporate Debt: The Risk Structure of Interest Rates," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 29(2), pages 449-470, May.
    13. Rafael Mendoza-Arriaga & Vadim Linetsky, 2016. "Multivariate Subordination Of Markov Processes With Financial Applications," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(4), pages 699-747, October.
    14. Ramaswamy, Krishna & Sundaresan, Suresh M., 1986. "The valuation of floating-rate instruments : Theory and evidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 251-272, December.
    15. Leland, Hayne E & Toft, Klaus Bjerre, 1996. "Optimal Capital Structure, Endogenous Bankruptcy, and the Term Structure of Credit Spreads," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 51(3), pages 987-1019, July.
    16. Alain BÉlanger & Steven E. Shreve & Dennis Wong, 2004. "A General Framework For Pricing Credit Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(3), pages 317-350, July.
    17. Ying Jiao & Shanqiu Li, 2015. "Modelling sovereign risks: from a hybrid model to the generalized density approach," Post-Print hal-01158141, HAL.
    18. Longstaff, Francis A & Schwartz, Eduardo S, 1995. "A Simple Approach to Valuing Risky Fixed and Floating Rate Debt," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(3), pages 789-819, July.
    19. Frank Gehmlich & Thorsten Schmidt, 2018. "Dynamic Defaultable Term Structure Modeling Beyond The Intensity Paradigm," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 211-239, January.
    20. Peter Carr & Vadim Linetsky, 2006. "A jump to default extended CEV model: an application of Bessel processes," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 10(3), pages 303-330, September.
    21. Merton, Robert C., 1976. "Option pricing when underlying stock returns are discontinuous," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(1-2), pages 125-144.
    22. Aksamit, Anna & Choulli, Tahir & Deng, Jun & Jeanblanc, Monique, 2019. "No-arbitrage under additional information for thin semimartingale models," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 129(9), pages 3080-3115.
    23. Giesecke, Kay, 2006. "Default and information," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 30(11), pages 2281-2303, November.
    24. Philippe Artzner & Freddy Delbaen, 1995. "Default Risk Insurance And Incomplete Markets1," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 5(3), pages 187-195, July.
    25. Zhou, Chunsheng, 2001. "The term structure of credit spreads with jump risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(11), pages 2015-2040, November.
    26. Christophette Blanchet-Scalliet & Monique Jeanblanc, 2004. "Hazard rate for credit risk and hedging defaultable contingent claims," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 145-159, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Libo Li & Ruyi Liu & Marek Rutkowski, 2022. "Vulnerable European and American Options in a Market Model with Optional Hazard Process," Papers 2212.12860, arXiv.org.
    2. Ferdoos Alharbi & Tahir Choulli, 2022. "Log-optimal portfolio after a random time: Existence, description and sensitivity analysis," Papers 2204.03798, arXiv.org.
    3. Libo Li & Ruyi Liu & Marek Rutkowski, 2022. "Well-posedness and penalization schemes for generalized BSDEs and reflected generalized BSDEs," Papers 2212.12854, arXiv.org.
    4. Safa Alsheyab & Tahir Choulli, 2021. "Reflected backward stochastic differential equations under stopping with an arbitrary random time," Papers 2107.11896, arXiv.org.
    5. Anna Aksamit & Libo Li & Marek Rutkowski, 2021. "Generalized BSDEs with random time horizon in a progressively enlarged filtration," Papers 2105.06654, arXiv.org.
    6. Tahir Choulli & Emmanuel Lepinette, 2024. "Super-hedging-pricing formulas and Immediate-Profit arbitrage for market models under random horizon," Papers 2401.05713, arXiv.org.
    7. Tahir Choulli & Sina Yansori, 2022. "Log-optimal and numéraire portfolios for market models stopped at a random time," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 26(3), pages 535-585, July.
    8. Tahir Choulli & Ferdoos Alharbi, 2022. "Representation for martingales living after a random time with applications," Papers 2203.11072, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2022.
    9. Choulli, Tahir & Yansori, Sina, 2022. "Explicit description of all deflators for market models under random horizon with applications to NFLVR," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 230-264.
    10. El Karoui & Hillairet Caroline & Mrad Mohamed, 2022. "Bi-revealed utilities in a defaultable universe : a new point of view on consumption," Working Papers hal-03919186, HAL.
    11. Tahir Choulli & Catherine Daveloose & Michèle Vanmaele, 2021. "Mortality/Longevity Risk-Minimization with or without Securitization," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(14), pages 1-27, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Samuel Chege Maina, 2011. "Credit Risk Modelling in Markovian HJM Term Structure Class of Models with Stochastic Volatility," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 1-2011.
    2. Samuel Chege Maina, 2011. "Credit Risk Modelling in Markovian HJM Term Structure Class of Models with Stochastic Volatility," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 5, July-Dece.
    3. Murphy, Austin & Headley, Adrian, 2022. "An empirical evaluation of alternative fundamental models of credit spreads," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    4. Nan Chen & S. G. Kou, 2009. "Credit Spreads, Optimal Capital Structure, And Implied Volatility With Endogenous Default And Jump Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(3), pages 343-378, July.
    5. Suresh M. Sundaresan, 2000. "Continuous‐Time Methods in Finance: A Review and an Assessment," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(4), pages 1569-1622, August.
    6. Duffie, Darrell, 2003. "Intertemporal asset pricing theory," Handbook of the Economics of Finance, in: G.M. Constantinides & M. Harris & R. M. Stulz (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Finance, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 11, pages 639-742, Elsevier.
    7. Nystrom, Kaj & Skoglund, Jimmy, 2006. "A credit risk model for large dimensional portfolios with application to economic capital," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(8), pages 2163-2197, August.
    8. Giesecke, Kay, 2006. "Default and information," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 30(11), pages 2281-2303, November.
    9. Qiang Dai & Kenneth Singleton, 2003. "Term Structure Dynamics in Theory and Reality," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 16(3), pages 631-678, July.
    10. Duffie, Darrell, 2005. "Credit risk modeling with affine processes," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(11), pages 2751-2802, November.
    11. Moraux, Franck, 2004. "Modeling the business risk of financially weakened firms: A new approach for corporate bond pricing," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 47-61.
    12. repec:wyi:journl:002109 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Michael Jacobs, Jr, 2011. "An option theoretic model for ultimate loss-given-default with systematic recovery risk and stochastic returns on defaulted debt," BIS Papers chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Portfolio and risk management for central banks and sovereign wealth funds, volume 58, pages 257-285, Bank for International Settlements.
    14. Davide Radi & Vu Phuong Hoang & Gabriele Torri & Hana Dvořáčková, 2021. "A revised version of the Cathcart & El-Jahel model and its application to CDS market," Decisions in Economics and Finance, Springer;Associazione per la Matematica, vol. 44(2), pages 669-705, December.
    15. Gregory Connor & Lisa R. Goldberg & Robert A. Korajczyk, 2010. "Portfolio Risk Analysis," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 9224.
    16. Mohamed N. Abdelghani & Alexander V. Melnikov, 2017. "Optional Defaultable Markets," Risks, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-21, October.
    17. Augusto Castillo, 2004. "Firm and Corporate Bond Valuation: A Simulation Dynamic Programming Approach," Latin American Journal of Economics-formerly Cuadernos de Economía, Instituto de Economía. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 41(124), pages 345-360.
    18. Giesecke, Kay & Longstaff, Francis A. & Schaefer, Stephen & Strebulaev, Ilya, 2011. "Corporate bond default risk: A 150-year perspective," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(2), pages 233-250.
    19. Batten, Jonathan & Hogan, Warren, 2002. "A perspective on credit derivatives," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 251-278.
    20. Duarte, Jefferson & Longstaff, Francis A. & Yu, Fan, 2005. "Risk and Return in Fixed Income Arbitage: Nickels in Front of a Steamroller?," University of California at Los Angeles, Anderson Graduate School of Management qt6zx6m7fp, Anderson Graduate School of Management, UCLA.
    21. Dragon Tang & Hong Yan, 2006. "Macroeconomic Conditions, Firm Characteristics, and Credit Spreads," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 29(3), pages 177-210, June.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:mathfi:v:30:y:2020:i:4:p:1527-1564. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journal.asp?ref=0960-1627 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.