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Intra‐Firm Wage Dispersion and Firm Performance: Evidence from Linked Employer‐Employee Data

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  • Thierry Lallemand
  • Robert Plasman
  • François Rycx

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between intra‐firm wage dispersion and firm performance in large Belgian firms using a unique matched employer‐employee data set. On the basis of the Winter‐Ebmer and Zweimüller's (1999) methodology, we find a positive and significant relationship between intra‐firm wage dispersion and profits per capita, even when controlling for individual and firm characteristics and addressing potential simultaneity problems. Results also suggest that the intensity of this relationship is stronger for blue‐collar workers and within firms with a high degree of monitoring. These findings are more in line with the ‘tournament’ models than with the ‘fairness, morale and cohesiveness’ models. Mit Hilfe eines ‘gematchten’ Arbeitgeber‐Arbeitnehmer‐Datensatzes großer belgischer Unternehmen wird im vorliegenden Beitrag der Zusammenhang zwischen betriebsinterner Lohndifferentiale und Unternehmensperformance untersucht. Basierend auf der Methodologie von Winter‐Ebmer und Zweimüller (1999), lässt sich selbst dann eine signifikant positive Beziehung zwischen betriebsinternen Lohnunterschieden und Unternehmensperformance zeigen, wenn nicht nur dem möglichen Simultanitätsproblem Rechnung getragen wird, sondern wenn zusätzlich auch Individuen und Firmencharakteristika überprüft werden. Ausserdem implizieren die Ergebnisse, dass die Wirkung dieses Zusammenhangs für Arbeiter und in Betrieben mit hohen ‘Überwachungsaktivitäten’ besonders stark ist. Diese Befunde sind kompatibel mit der Turniertheorie und lassen sich nicht mit dem ‘Fairnessund Kohäsionsansatz’ erklären. Cet article analyse la relation entre la dispersion salariale intra‐firme et la performance au sein de grandes entreprises belges à partir de données appareillées employeur‐employé. Sur base de la méthodologie de Winter‐Ebmer et Zweimüller (1999), nous trouvons une relation positive et significative entre la dispersion salariale au sein des entreprises et les profits par tête. Ce résultat est obtenu en contrôlant pour les caractéristiques des travailleurs et des entreprises ainsi qu'en abordant le problème potentiel de la simultanéité. Nos estimations indiquent également que l'intensité de la relation est plus forte pour les ouvriers ainsi qu'au sein des entreprises avec un degréélevé de monitoring. Ces résultats correspondent davantage à la théorie des ‘tournois’ qu'aux modèles de ‘coopération’.

Suggested Citation

  • Thierry Lallemand & Robert Plasman & François Rycx, 2004. "Intra‐Firm Wage Dispersion and Firm Performance: Evidence from Linked Employer‐Employee Data," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 57(4), pages 533-558, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:57:y:2004:i:4:p:533-558
    DOI: 10.1111/j.0023-5962.2004.00268.x
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    1. Bruno S. Frey, 1997. "Not Just for the Money," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 1183.
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