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The Adjustment of International Institutions to Global Power Shifts: A Framework for Analysis

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  • Andreas Kruck
  • Bernhard Zangl

Abstract

As powers such as China and India rise, and powers such as the US or the UK decline, international institutions such as the United Nations Security Council, the World Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund come under pressure to adapt to new power realities. In the wake of global power shifts, both emerging and established powers may challenge the institutional status quo. Contrary to what most power transition and power shift theories assume, challengers do not always draw on power bargaining to pursue institutional adjustment. In some issue areas, they do, but in others they employ alternative strategies including strategic cooptation, rhetorical coercion and principled persuasion. In order to contribute to a better understanding of institutional adjustments to global power shifts, the introduction to this special issue theorizes these various strategies. First, we conceptualize power bargaining, strategic cooptation, rhetorical coercion and principled persuasion as distinct strategies for institutional adjustment. Second, we elaborate on the conditions under which challengers choose particular strategies. Third, we specify the conditions under which challengers are able to achieve institutional adaptation through a particular strategy. Finally, we discuss broader implications for the future of the international order and the management of global power shifts.

Suggested Citation

  • Andreas Kruck & Bernhard Zangl, 2020. "The Adjustment of International Institutions to Global Power Shifts: A Framework for Analysis," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 11(S3), pages 5-16, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:glopol:v:11:y:2020:i:s3:p:5-16
    DOI: 10.1111/1758-5899.12865
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    Cited by:

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    2. Hai Yang, 2023. "Rhetorical coercion, institutional legitimacy and the creation of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 14(5), pages 730-741, November.
    3. Orfeo Fioretos, 2020. "Rhetorical Appeals and Strategic Cooptation in the Rise and Fall of The New International Economic Order," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 11(S3), pages 73-82, October.
    4. Sandra Lavenex & Omar Serrano & Tim Büthe, 2021. "Power transitions and the rise of the regulatory state: Global market governance in flux," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(3), pages 445-471, July.
    5. Bernard Hoekman & Robert Wolfe, 2021. "Reforming the World Trade Organization: Practitioner Perspectives from China, the EU, and the US," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 29(4), pages 1-34, July.
    6. Susanne Lütz, 2021. "Global–Regional Realignments in Trade, Finance and Development: Introduction to the Special Issue," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 12(S4), pages 5-13, May.
    7. Lora Anne Viola, 2020. "US Strategies of Institutional Adaptation in the Face of Hegemonic Decline," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 11(S3), pages 28-39, October.

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