IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/finrev/v38y2003i2p273-291.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Evidence on the Mean‐Reverting Tendencies of Closed‐End Fund Discounts

Author

Listed:
  • Dominic Gasbarro
  • Richard D. Johnson
  • J. Kenton Zumwalt

Abstract

Closed‐end fund (CEF) discounts vary widely over time due to changes in share price, net asset value (NAV), or both. Prior studies suggest discounts are mean‐reverting. We examine the mean‐reversion issue by employing cointegration procedures. Specifically, we identify bond and equity CEFs that exhibit stationary time‐series properties and find statistically significant error correction terms that quantify the speed of mean reversion. The results indicate that mean reversion is caused by changes in both share price and NAVs. However, CEFs can only provide excess returns when the discount narrows due to share price increases.

Suggested Citation

  • Dominic Gasbarro & Richard D. Johnson & J. Kenton Zumwalt, 2003. "Evidence on the Mean‐Reverting Tendencies of Closed‐End Fund Discounts," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 38(2), pages 273-291, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:finrev:v:38:y:2003:i:2:p:273-291
    DOI: 10.1111/1540-6288.00046
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6288.00046
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/1540-6288.00046?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lee, Charles M C & Shleifer, Andrei & Thaler, Richard H, 1991. "Investor Sentiment and the Closed-End Fund Puzzle," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(1), pages 75-109, March.
    2. Gikas Hardouvelis & Rafael La Porta & Thierry A. Wizman, 1994. "What Moves the Discount on Country Equity Funds?," NBER Chapters, in: The Internationalization of Equity Markets, pages 345-403, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Richards, Anthony J., 1995. "Comovements in national stock market returns: Evidence of predictability, but not cointegration," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 631-654, December.
    4. Edwin J. Elton & Martin J. Gruber & Jeffrey A. Busse, 1998. "Do Investors Care About Sentiment?," New York University, Leonard N. Stern School Finance Department Working Paper Seires 98-028, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business-.
    5. Bodurtha, James N, Jr & Kim, Dong-Soon & Lee, Charles M C, 1995. "Closed-End Country Funds and U.S. Market Sentiment," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 8(3), pages 879-918.
    6. Elton, Edwin J & Gruber, Martin J & Busse, Jeffrey A, 1998. "Do Investors Care about Sentiment?," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 71(4), pages 477-500, October.
    7. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
    8. Dickey, David A & Fuller, Wayne A, 1981. "Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(4), pages 1057-1072, June.
    9. Abraham, Abraham & Elan, Don & Marcus, Alan J, 1993. "Does Sentiment Explain Closed-End Fund Discounts? Evidence from Bond Funds," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 28(4), pages 607-616, November.
    10. Pontiff, Jeffrey, 1997. "Excess Volatility and Closed-End Funds," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 87(1), pages 155-169, March.
    11. Chen, Nai-fu & Kan, Raymond & Miller, Merton H, 1993. "Are the Discounts on Closed-End Funds a Sentiment Index?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(2), pages 795-800, June.
    12. Chen, Nai-fu & Kan, Raymond & Miller, Merton H, 1993. "Are the Discounts on Closed-End Funds a Sentiment Index? A Rejoinder," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 48(2), pages 809-810, June.
    13. Malkiel, Burton G, 1977. "The Valuation of Closed-End Investment-Company Shares," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 32(3), pages 847-859, June.
    14. Thompson, Rex, 1978. "The information content of discounts and premiums on closed-end fund shares," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 6(2-3), pages 151-186.
    15. Choi, Jongmoo Jay & Lee, Insup, 1996. "Market Segmentation and the Valuation of Closed-End Country Funds: An Empirical Analysis," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 45-63, July.
    16. Pontiff, Jeffrey, 1995. "Closed-end fund premia and returns Implications for financial market equilibrium," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 341-370, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Emmanouil Mavrakis, 2011. "Abnormal Returns on CEFs and in Pre-and-Post-Credit-Crunch Periods," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 55-70.
    2. Seth Anderson & T. Randolph Beard & Hyeongwoo Kim & Liliana V. Stern, 2016. "The Short-Run Pricing Behavior of Closed-End Funds: Bond vs. Equity Funds," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 50(3), pages 363-386, December.
    3. Philip Inyeob Ji & Sangbae Kim, 2013. "Mean-reversion in closed-end fund discount: evidence from half-life," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(32), pages 4503-4515, November.
    4. Tse, Yiuman & Martinez, Valeria, 2007. "Price discovery and informational efficiency of international iShares funds," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 1-15.
    5. repec:kap:iaecre:v:16:y:2010:i:1:p:80-95 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Ramchander, Sanjay & Simpson, Marc W. & Thiewes, Harold, 2008. "The effect of macroeconomic news on German closed-end funds," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(4), pages 708-724, November.
    7. Christos Alexakis & Emmanouil Mavrakis, 2010. "Is Moderate Market Performance in the U.S. a Sufficient Condition for Abnormal Returns on CEFs?," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 16(1), pages 80-95, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lee, Bong-Soo & Hong, Gwangheon, 2002. "On the dual characteristics of closed-end country funds," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(5), pages 589-618, October.
    2. Lenkey, Stephen L., 2015. "The closed-end fund puzzle: Management fees and private information," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 24(1), pages 112-129.
    3. Philipp Kellerhals, B. & Schobel, Rainer, 2002. "The dynamic behavior of closed-end funds and its implication for pricing, forecasting, and trading," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(8), pages 1615-1643, August.
    4. Korkie, Bob & Nakamura, Mansao & Turtle, Harry J., 2001. "A contingent claim analysis of closed-end fund premia," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 10(4), pages 365-394.
    5. Stylianos X. Koufadakis, 2015. "Asymmetries on Closed End Country Funds Premium and Monetary Policy Announcements: An Approach Trough the Perspective of Foreign Countries," SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, University of Piraeus, vol. 65(3-4), pages 29-65, july-Dece.
    6. Kenneth A. Froot & Tarun Ramadorai, 2001. "The Information Content of International Portfolio Flows," NBER Working Papers 8472, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Severn, Alan K., 1998. "Closed-end funds and sentiment risk," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 7(1), pages 103-119.
    8. Pablo Calafiore & Gökçe Soydemir & Rahul Verma, 2010. "The Impact of Business and Consumer Sentiment on Stock Market Returns: Evidence from Brazil," Chapters, in: Brian Bruce (ed.), Handbook of Behavioral Finance, chapter 18, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    9. Mohamed Ayadi & Hatem Ben-Ameur & Skander Lazrak & Yue Wang, 2013. "Canadian Investors and the Discount on Closed-End Funds," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 43(1), pages 69-98, February.
    10. Chan, Justin S.P. & Jain, Ravi & Xia, Yihong, 2008. "Market segmentation, liquidity spillover, and closed-end country fund discounts," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 11(4), pages 377-399, November.
    11. Burdekin, Richard C.K. & Redfern, Luke, 2009. "Sentiment effects on Chinese share prices and savings deposits: The post-2003 experience," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 246-261, June.
    12. Robert Chirinko & Hisham Foad, 2006. "Noise vs. News in Equity Returns," CESifo Working Paper Series 1812, CESifo.
    13. Stylianos X. Koufadakis, 2016. "Mispricing Explanations of Closed-End Funds: A Survey Review," SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, University of Piraeus, vol. 66(1-2), pages 108-135, January-J.
    14. Dilip Patro & Louis R. Piccotti & Yangru Wu, 2017. "Exploiting Closed-End Fund Discounts: A Systematic Examination Of Alphas," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 40(2), pages 223-248, June.
    15. Michael Bleaney & R. Todd Smith, 2006. "Closed-End Fund Betas," Discussion Papers 06/04, University of Nottingham, School of Economics.
    16. Verma, Rahul & Soydemir, Gökçe, 2009. "The impact of individual and institutional investor sentiment on the market price of risk," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(3), pages 1129-1145, August.
    17. Ming-Shiun Pan & Kam C. Chan & David J. Wright, 2001. "Divergent Expectations And The Asian Financial Crisis Of 1997," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 24(2), pages 219-238, June.
    18. Michael Bleaney & R. Todd Smith, 2013. "Excess volatility and closed‐end fund discounts," Review of Accounting and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 12(2), pages 165-179, May.
    19. Matthew Spiegel, 1997. "Closed-End Fund Discounts in a Rational Agent Economy," Finance 9712002, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Gabriel Frahm & Alexander Jonen & Rainer Schüssler, 2019. "The Fundamental Theorems Of Asset Pricing And The Closed-End Fund Puzzle," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 22(05), pages 1-31, August.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:finrev:v:38:y:2003:i:2:p:273-291. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/efaaaea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.