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Evaluating Content Validity in Developing an Unregistered Childcare Monitoring Model to Mitigate Perceived Risk

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  • Nur Farah Ain Abd Shukor

    (Department of Business and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management and Economics, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Norlaile Salleh Hudin

    (Department of Business and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management and Economics, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia)

  • Nur Shahira Ahmad

    (Department of Business and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management and Economics, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak, Malaysia)

Abstract

This article discusses the validity of instruments for the purpose of evaluating survey questions in a study. All items were developed based on adaptations from the literature. According to the study's findings, there are five key components that should be considered while creating an unregistered childcare monitoring model in order to lower perceived risk. These features include customer reviews, interactivity, laws, rules, regulations, technological innovation, and perceived risk. In order to help parents, make less risky childcare decisions, this study intends to assess the content validity of the questionnaire used to investigate an unregistered childcare monitoring model by looking at the effects of customer reviews, interactivity, law, rules and regulations, and technological innovation on perceived risk. Each item's content validity was developed with the help of six experts. In addition, a quantitative measurement method using the Content Validity Index (CVI) was used to assess whether the items should be retained or eliminated. The study's findings demonstrated strong content validity, with the overall value of the I-CVI content validity index ranging from 0.83 to 1.00. The S-CVI/UA and S-CVI/Ave values were 0.49 and 0.89, respectively. High content validity was shown by the Average technique, whilst moderate content validity was shown by the Universal Agreement method. Overall, these findings indicate that all items developed meet the criteria for proper measurement for a screening instrument, and all items in this survey are suitable for evaluating the development of an unregistered childcare monitoring model to reduce perceived risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Nur Farah Ain Abd Shukor & Norlaile Salleh Hudin & Nur Shahira Ahmad, 2025. "Evaluating Content Validity in Developing an Unregistered Childcare Monitoring Model to Mitigate Perceived Risk," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 9(2), pages 2233-2244, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:9:y:2025:issue-2:p:2233-2244
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. R. Filieri & F. Acigkoz & V. Ndou & Y. Dwivedi, 2020. "Is TripAdvisor still relevant? The influence of review credibility, review usefulness, and ease of use on consumers’ continuance intention," Post-Print hal-04779109, HAL.
    2. Wang, Xinghua & Zhang, Mengmeng & Yu, Yiqing & Hu, Biying & Yang, Xiantong, 2021. "Extending the theory of planned behavior to examine Chinese parents’ intention to use child care services for children under age 3," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    3. Junyi Chai & Zhiquan Weng & Wenbin Liu, 2021. "Behavioral Decision Making in Normative and Descriptive Views: A Critical Review of Literature," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-14, October.
    4. Vijay Kumar Shrotryia & Upasana Dhanda, 2019. "Content Validity of Assessment Instrument for Employee Engagement," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(1), pages 21582440188, February.
    5. Pietropoli, Ilaria & Triventi, Moris, 2023. "What drives early childhood education attendance? The role of structural factors and personal beliefs in Germany," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
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